Field Survey and Comparative Study of Pteris Vittata and Pityrogramma Calomelanos Grown on Arsenic Contaminated Lands with Different Soil pH

Abstract

In field survey, Pteris vittata and Pityrogramma calomelanos were only found in arsenic (As) contaminated areas with soil pH 7.2-8.8 and 2.3-4.2, respectively. In the first pot experiment, two fern species were grown on the soil amended with 300 mg kg As at soil pH of 5.1, 7.2 and 9. P. calomelanos survived all pH treatments, and had the highest frond As concentration and soil As removal efficiency at soil pH 5.1. All P. vittata plants were dead at soil pH 5.1. P. vittata had higher frond As concentration, biomass and the amount of As removed from the soil than those of P. calomelanos at soil pH of 7.2 and 9. In the second pot experiment, P. vittata was demonstrated to have greater life time, biomass, As tolerance and accumulation than those of P. calomelanos as planted on alkaline soil (pH 7.8) spiked with various concentrations of As.

Environmental Survey of the Distribution and Metal Contents of Pteris vittata in Arsenic–Lead–Mercury-Contaminated Gold Mining Areas along the Bone River in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

“…There is generally a positive correlation between the density distribution of P. vittata and the As concentration in soil. This correlation is also consistent with P. vittata being found in As-contaminated areas [ 25 ]. P. vittata grows actively in a neutral or slightly alkaline environment [ 11 , 25 ].…”

“…This correlation is also consistent with P. vittata being found in As-contaminated areas [ 25 ]. P. vittata grows actively in a neutral or slightly alkaline environment [ 11 , 25 ]. Although the pH of the soil samples was not measured in this study, it is likely that the soil pH is neutral or weakly alkaline at many sampling points.…”

“…The results of this study show dispersion and no significant correlation between P. vittata and As concentration in the rhizosphere soil ( Figure 6 ). The results of previous laboratory and field studies on P. vittata indicate that the removal efficiency of P. vittata depends on the ratio of soluble As and the pH range of the soil [ 12 , 13 , 25 ]. The results of our study suggest that the ratio of soluble As and pH of the soil in the study area may be diverse.…”

Evaluation of soil arsenic pollution and phytoaccumulation capabilities of 24 indigenous plant species in Barak Valley, South Assam, India

“…Anh et al. (2018) also reported a similar observation where the maximum As concentration was found in the fronds of P. calomelanos growing in an acidic soil environment. Except for the two fern species, most plants accumulated As in their roots due to the soil‐plants transfer process.…”

Water and soil contaminated by arsenic: the use of microorganisms and plants in bioremediation

“…Soil pH is one major driving force for As phytoextraction. In a field survey, P. vittata and P. calomelanos only occurred in As-polluted areas with soil pH 7.2–8.8 and 2.3–4.2, respectively (Anh et al 2018 ). Both fern species were further grown in potted soils spiked with 300 mg As kg −1 with soil pH set at 5.1, 7.2, and 9.…”