Field test of wavelength-saving quantum key distribution network

Wang, Shuang; Chen, Wei; Yin, Zhen‐Qiang; Zhang, Yang; Zhang, Tao; Li, Hongwei; Xu, F.; Zhou, Zheng; Yang, Yang; Dajun, Huang; Zhang, Lijun; Li, Fangyi; Liu, Dong; Wang, Yonggang; Guo, Guang‐Can; Han, Zheng‐Fu

doi:10.1364/ol.35.002454

Cited by 103 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Each QKD node in the network had direct physical links to all the other nodes, although there were only 4 installed fiber channels. To share the limited fiber channel resource, we adopted QKD router and switch techniques, specifically, the wavelength-saving real-time fullmesh (RTFM) QKD router [27], and the time division multiplexing full-mesh optical switch (FMOS). Here, the router and switch served as optical components that were responsible for dynamically routing and blocking in the QKD network.…”

Section: Full-mesh Hefei Metropolitan Area Qkd Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the router and switch served as optical components that were responsible for dynamically routing and blocking in the QKD network. The structure of wavelength-saving RTFM router was propose in reference [27]. With N wavelengths, the wavelength-saving RTFM router can support a RTFM QKD network with 2N + 1 QKD nodes, in which every two nodes share secure keys directly at the same time, and each node only has one fiber connecting with the router.…”

Section: Full-mesh Hefei Metropolitan Area Qkd Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the passive beam splitter, Townsend et al presented and realized the first QKD network [17,18]. And since then, researchers have devised and developed an impressive collection of network architectures for QKD [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Combined with increasingly mature QKD devices, these developments enabled QKD networks to be deployed over real-world telecommunication networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field and long-term demonstration of a wide area quantum key distribution network

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Yin³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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259

139

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Abstract:A wide area quantum key distribution (QKD) network deployed on communication infrastructures provided by China Mobile Ltd. is demonstrated. Three cities and two metropolitan area QKD networks were linked up to form the Hefei-Chaohu-Wuhu wide area QKD network with over 150 kilometers coverage area, in which Hefei metropolitan area QKD network was a typical full-mesh core network to offer all-to-all interconnections, and Wuhu metropolitan area QKD network was a representative quantum access network with point-to-multipoint configuration. The whole wide area QKD network ran for more than 5000 hours, from 21 December 2011 to 19 July 2012, and part of the network stopped until last December. To adapt to the complex and volatile field environment, the Faraday-Michelson QKD system with several stability measures was adopted when we designed QKD devices. Through standardized design of QKD devices, resolution of symmetry problem of QKD devices, and seamless switching in dynamic QKD network, we realized the effective integration between point-to-point QKD techniques and networking schemes. 449-449 (1995). 4. R. J. Hughes, G. G. Luther, G. L. Morgan, C. G. Peterson, and C. Simmons, "Quantum cryptography over underground optical fibers," Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1109, 329-342 (1996).5. P. D. Townsend, "Simultaneous quantum cryptographic key distribution and conventional data transmission over installed fibre using wavelength-division multiplexing," Electron. Lett. 33, 188-190 (1997

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Section: Full-mesh Hefei Metropolitan Area Qkd Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Full-mesh Hefei Metropolitan Area Qkd Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Field and long-term demonstration of a wide area quantum key distribution network

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Yin³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

Self Cite

259

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the commercial arena, in particular, great progresses have been recently achieved in the area of high-speed QKD and long distance quantum network systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Many studies on QKD security have been also conducted uninterruptedly since 1984, because providing security is essential for the commercialization of such systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countermeasure against blinding attacks on low-noise detectors with a background-noise-cancellation scheme

et al. 2016

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“…While point-to-point connections are suitable to form a backbone quantum core network to bridge long distances, they are less suitable to provide the last-mile service needed to give a multitude of users access to this QKD infrastructure. Reconfigurable optical networks based on optical switches or wavelength-division multiplexing have been suggested to achieve more flexible network structures [3,[9][10][11][12], however, they also require the installation of a full QKD system per user, which is prohibitively expensive for many applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

A quantum access network

Fröhlich

Dynes

Lucamarini

et al. 2013

Nature

286

219

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The theoretically proven security of quantum key distribution (QKD) could revolutionise how information exchange is protected in the future [1,2]. Several field tests of QKD have proven it to be a reliable technology for cryptographic key exchange and have demonstrated nodal networks of point-to-point links [3][4][5]. However, so far no convincing answer has been given to the question of how to extend the scope of QKD beyond niche applications in dedicated high security networks. Here we show that adopting simple and cost-effective telecommunication technologies to form a quantum access network can greatly expand the number of users in quantum networks and therefore vastly broaden their appeal. We are able to demonstrate that a high-speed single-photon detector positioned at a network node can be shared between up to 64 users for exchanging secret keys with the node, thereby significantly reducing the hardware requirements for each user added to the network. This point-to-multipoint architecture removes one of the main obstacles restricting the widespread application of QKD. It presents a viable method for realising multi-user QKD networks with resource efficiency and brings QKD closer to becoming the first widespread technology based on quantum physics.In a nodal QKD network multiple trusted repeaters are connected via point-to-point links between a quantum transmitter (Alice) and a quantum receiver (Bob). These point-to-point links can be realised with long-distance optical fibres, and in the future might even utilize ground to satellite communication [6][7][8]. While point-to-point connections are suitable to form a backbone quantum core network to bridge long distances, they are less suitable to provide the last-mile service needed to give a multitude of users access to this QKD infrastructure. Reconfigurable optical networks based on optical switches or wavelength-division multiplexing have been suggested to achieve more flexible network structures[3, 9-12], however, they also require the installation of a full QKD system per user, which is prohibitively expensive for many applications.Giving a multitude of users access to the nodal QKD network requires point-to-multipoint connections. In modern fibre-optic networks point-to-multipoint connections are often realized passively using components such as optical power splitters [13]. Single photon QKD with the sender positioned at the network node and the receiver at the user premises[14] lends itself naturally to a passive multi-user network (see Fig. 1a). However, this downstream implementation has two major shortcomings. Firstly, every user in the network requires a single photon detector, which are often expensive and difficult to operate. And secondly, it is not possible to deterministically address a user. All detectors therefore have to operate at the same speed as the transmitter in order not to miss photons, which means most of the detector bandwidth is unused.Here, we show that both problems associated with a downstream implementation can be overcome ...

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Field test of wavelength-saving quantum key distribution network

Cited by 103 publications

References 13 publications

Field and long-term demonstration of a wide area quantum key distribution network

Field and long-term demonstration of a wide area quantum key distribution network

Countermeasure against blinding attacks on low-noise detectors with a background-noise-cancellation scheme

A quantum access network

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