Field Testing of Alternative Cookstove Performance in a Rural Setting of Western India

Muralidharan, Veena; Sussan, Thomas E.; Limaye, Sneha; Koehler, Kirsten; Williams, D’Ann L.; Rule, Ana M.; Juvekar, Sanjay; Breysse, Patrick N.; Salvi, Sundeep; Biswal, Shyam

doi:10.3390/ijerph120201773

Cited by 41 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…63 On the other hand, larger-scale randomized interventions with controlled populations, similar to our study, have shown ND stoves do not consistently reduce HAP. 45, 46 The study's finding on Abs has important climate implications.…”

Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 54%

Health and Climate-Relevant Pollutant Concentrations from a Carbon-Finance Approved Cookstove Intervention in Rural India

Aung

Jain²,

Shunmugavelu³

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Efforts to introduce more efficient stoves increasingly leverage carbon-finance to scale up dissemination of interventions. We conducted a randomized intervention study to evaluate a Clean Development Mechanism approved stove replacement impact on fuelwood usage, and climate and health-relevant air pollutants. We randomly assigned 187 households to either receive the intervention or to continue using traditional stoves. Measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and absorbance were conducted in cooking areas, village center and at upwind background site. There were minor and overlapping seasonal differences (post- minus preintervention change) between control and intervention groups for median (95% CI) fuel use (-0.60 (-1.02, -0.22) vs -0.52 (-1.07, 0.00) kg day(-1)), and 24 h absorbance (35 (18, 60) vs 36 (22, 50) × 10(-6) m(-1)); for 24 h PM2.5, there was a higher (139 (61,229) vs 73(-6, 156) μg m(-3))) increase in control compared to intervention homes between the two seasons. Forty percent of the intervention homes continued using traditional stoves. For intervention homes, absorbance-to-mass ratios suggest a higher proportion of black carbon in PM2.5 emitted from intervention compared with traditional stoves. Absent of field-based evaluation, stove interventions may be pursued that fail to realize expected carbon reductions or anticipated health and climate cobenefits.

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Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 54%

Health and Climate-Relevant Pollutant Concentrations from a Carbon-Finance Approved Cookstove Intervention in Rural India

Aung

Jain²,

Shunmugavelu³

et al. 2016

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…If we assume the ventilation conditions to be typical of a traditional household, these findings suggest that ICS will generally perform worse in a field-based setting where ventilation conditions are uncontrolled. This is one of the reasons why field-based ICS measurements do not show the ability to reduce emissions to levels that may have some positive health benefits as suggested by lab based measurements (Muralidharan et al 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, field-based measurements suggest health benefits may not actually be as significant as those suggested from lab-based measurements (Muralidharan et al 2015; Roden et al 2009; Wathore et. al 2017), therefore expending more money for higher quality, yet still underperforming stoves, may not be the best first step toward intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel efficiency and air pollutant concentrations of wood-burning improved cookstoves in Malawi: Implications for scaling-up cookstove programs

Jagger

Pedit

Bittner

et al. 2017

Energy for Sustainable Development

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National governments and other key stakeholders in developing countries are grappling with how to reduce household air pollution (HAP) resulting from cooking with solid fuels using traditional cooking technologies. Recent studies have shown that improved cookstoves may offer reductions in fuel use and harmful emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), yet there is little quantitative evidence collected in a “real-world” setting showing how improved stoves perform directly compared to traditional cooking technologies. Our simulated kitchen study takes place in a semi-controlled, “real-world” setting in Malawi and was designed to quantify the fuel efficiency improvements and air pollutant concentration reductions capabilities of two improved stoves currently marketed in the country. In this study, we perform a Water Boiling Test (WBT) to compare the air pollutant concentrations (CO and PM2.5) and fuel efficiency of the traditional three-stone fire stove and two improved cookstoves: a locally produced clay stove known as the Chitetezo Mbaula (CM) and a Philips gasifying stove. We find that the Chitetezo Mbaula uses 53% of the fuel used by the traditional three-stone fire, and produces 59% of CO, and 50% of PM2.5 of the three-stone fire. The Philips gasifying stove uses 31% of the fuel, and produces 38% of CO, and 22% of PM2.5 of the traditional three-stone fire. We consider the potential for the wide-scale adoption of each of these technologies given their relative costs and conclude that lower-cost, intermediate quality cookstoves are an important and realistic first step toward reducing household air pollution.

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“…Other forms of improved cook stoves have also been implemented. Although the use of these improved cook stoves helps reduce the particulate matter produced, this load remains well above the WHO safety limits 65 . An 85% reduced exposure to particulate matter is required to achieve a desired clinical effect.…”

Section: Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Household air pollution and its effects on health

Apte¹,

Salvi²

2016

F1000Res

Self Cite

139

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Household air pollution is a leading cause of disability-adjusted life years in Southeast Asia and the third leading cause of disability-adjusted life years globally. There are at least sixty sources of household air pollution, and these vary from country to country. Indoor tobacco smoking, construction material used in building houses, fuel used for cooking, heating and lighting, use of incense and various forms of mosquito repellents, use of pesticides and chemicals used for cleaning at home, and use of artificial fragrances are some of the various sources that contribute to household air pollution. Household air pollution affects all stages of life with multi-systemic health effects, and its effects are evident right from pre-conception to old age. In utero exposure to household air pollutants has been shown to have health effects which resonate over the entire lifetime. Exposures to indoor air pollutants in early childhood also tend to have repercussions throughout life. The respiratory system bears the maximum brunt, but effects on the cardiovascular system, endocrine system, and nervous system are largely underplayed. Household air pollutants have also been implicated in the development of various types of cancers. Identifying household air pollutants and their health implications helps us prepare for various health-related issues. However, the real challenge is adopting changes to reduce the health effects of household air pollution and designing innovative interventions to minimize the risk of further exposure. This review is an attempt to understand the various sources of household air pollution, the effects on health, and strategies to deal with this emergent risk factor of global mortality and morbidity.

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Field Testing of Alternative Cookstove Performance in a Rural Setting of Western India

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Health and Climate-Relevant Pollutant Concentrations from a Carbon-Finance Approved Cookstove Intervention in Rural India

Health and Climate-Relevant Pollutant Concentrations from a Carbon-Finance Approved Cookstove Intervention in Rural India

Fuel efficiency and air pollutant concentrations of wood-burning improved cookstoves in Malawi: Implications for scaling-up cookstove programs

Household air pollution and its effects on health

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