Field Trial of 1.5-Gbps 97-GHz Train Communication System Based on Linear Cell Radio Over Fiber Network for 240-km/h High-Speed Train

High-stability, high-signal-quality radio-over-fiber system for IEEE802.11ad packet transmission based on optical single-sideband modulation in W-band

“…Previously, we demonstrated and confirmed that RoF technology in the MMW band [9] can be implemented using IEEE802.11ad packets [10]. The mechanism of RCSs is based on the use of MMW-RoF technology [4,8,11] to provide distributed prediction-based train tracking and information transferring capability that ensures hand-over-free access to provide the backhaul for in-car passenger Wi-Fi service while monitoring and diagnosing train and railway conditions [12,13,14,15]. In such a system, a central station predicts train location information and switches the optical route radio stations located at 1-km intervals along the train track.…”

“…In addition, RCSs will face problems in terms of digital processing time and handling. Analog radioover-fiber (RoF) technology is capable of directly converting optical signals into radio signals and can handle enhanced modulation bandwidth signals with a modulation bandwidth of several gigahertz; these characteristics make it a potential "silver bullet" for solving the problems faced by RCSs [4,5,6,7,8]. Previously, we demonstrated and confirmed that RoF technology in the MMW band [9] can be implemented using IEEE802.11ad packets [10].…”

Relayed FSO Links for Ground-to-Train Communications

“…where l is the link length in m and β is the attenuation coefficient in m -1 . The optical intensity I of a wave propagating in a turbulence channel undergoes random fading effect with the normalized variance or the scintillation index given as [11]: (5) where denotes the ensemble average equivalent to long-time averaging with the assumption of an ergodic process. Based on (5), the strength of turbulence can be classified as weak ( moderate ( 1) and strong ( > 1) [12].…”

“…The practical demonstration of MHN system yielded a 1.25 Gbps throughput for the downlink and 110 Mbps for the uplink [4]. In [5], a throughput of 1.5 Gbps using a 97 GHz mmW radio access system connected to a bidirectional radio over fibre (RoF) network for a train at a speed of up 240 km/h was experimentally demonstrated. The mmW distributed radio access units deployed on the ground were connected to the bidirectional analogue RoF network for establishing a highspeed link with the on-board transceiver.…”

Sectorised base stations for FSO ground‐to‐train communications

“…The practical demonstration of MHN system yielded throughputs of 1.25 Gbps and 110 Mbps for the downlink and uplink, respectively [11]. In [12], a throughput of 1.5 Gbps using a 97 GHz millimetre wave radio access system connected via a bidirectional radio over fibre network for a train with the speed of up 240 km/h was experimentally demonstrated. The millimetre‐wave distributed radio access units deployed on the ground were connected to the bidirectional analogue RoF network for establishing a high‐speed link with the on‐board transceiver.…”