Fifty Years of Aerodynamics: Successes, Challenges, and Opportunities

Three-dimensional aerodynamic computations on unstructured grids using a Newton–Krylov approach

“…with a parameter σ, where ε (2) and ε (4) are the coefficients of the dissipation term as defined in (8). The subscript p denotes the preconditioner.…”

“…After many years of development, computational fluid dynamics has become an important aerodynamic design tool. 1,2 The current technology is capable of analyzing viscous compressible flows over complete aircraft configurations. Two AIAA Drag Prediction Workshops were organized to assess the capability of current solvers when applied to such flows.…”

Three-Dimensional Aerodynamic Computations on Unstructured Grids Using a Newton-Krylov Approach

“…Switching is triggered when the mean-flow residual converges to 10 −4 . The first-order scheme is defined with ε (2) = 1/4, ε (4) = 0, and V l = V n = 1, where ε (2) and ε (4) are the coefficients of the dissipation term as given in (8).…”

Methodologies for designing, optimizing, and evaluating possible unconventional aircraft configurations for future civil aviation

“…The U.S engineers highly appreciated these benefits during World War II, incorporating this technology into new designs. The first two U.S. aircraft with 35 • of sweep were both subsonic, the Boeing B-47 bomber and the F-86 Sabre (NELSON;ZINGG, 2004). At that time, Jones (1946) and Jones (1956) gained a critical understanding of the benefits of sweep and promoted its use for high-speed aircraft.…”

“…Although Concorde was a great technical achievement, the necessary changes to ensure adequate safety made this aircraft commercially unfeasible which was already at the limit of viability. Only 20 aircraft were manufactured, and fuel cost and ticket prices were always high (NELSON; ZINGG, 2004). Currently, there is a renewed interest in developing civil supersonic transports and supersonic business jets.…”