Filamented Light (FLight) Biofabrication of Highly Aligned Tissue‐Engineered Constructs (Adv. Mater. 45/2022)

Líu, Hao; Chansoria, Parth; Delrot, Paul; Angelidakis, Emmanouil; Rizzo, Riccardo; Rütsche, Dominic; Applegate, Lee Ann; Loterie, Damien; Zenobi-Wong, Marcy

doi:10.1002/adma.202270308

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In order to successfully combine these two techniques, we first developed a strategy to remove the VP‐generated microdefects. As recently shown by Liu et al., [ 42 ] optical modulation instability (OMI) results in the formation of hydrogel microfilaments and microchannels (void spaces between microfilaments) in the range of 2–30 µm propagating via self‐focusing waveguides ( Figure A). Therefore, although commonly described as defect‐free due to the layer‐less printing modality, VP printed constructs have in microfilaments and microchannels a major source of defects that can limit their applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…When the light‐dose exceeds the material's critical gelation threshold, the desired 3D model is formed and can be retrieved with the removal of the uncrosslinked photoresin. However, when reaching the photoresin, the laser beam featuring a speckle‐pattern intensity noise causes the formation of microfilaments and microchannels, [ 42 ] herein also generally described as microdefects. This phenomenon originates from the non‐linear nature of the photosensitive material which shows a change in refractive index (RI) between its uncrosslinked to crosslinked state.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, when it comes to biological applications, while on one hand microchannels can improve diffusion of nutrients into the printed construct, they can also act as physical guidance cues for cells to spread, migrate, align, and deposit extracellular matrix (ECM). [ 42 ] Although optimal for anisotropic tissues such as muscle and tendon, this unidirectional microarchitecture is not desirable for applications that require isotropic cell spreading without preferential outgrowth direction or cell confinement in a defined region (i.e., channel wall). For the combination of VP with 2PA, the presence of microchannels hinders high‐resolution printing which requires a homogeneous, defect‐free material substrate to fully guarantee precise control over positive and negative features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale Hybrid Fabrication: Volumetric Printing Meets Two‐Photon Ablation

Rizzo

Rütsche

Liu

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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perfusable channels. In the past decades, microfluidic technology has mostly relied on photolithography and soft lithography applied to materials like glass and elastomers (i.e., PDMS), and has been largely limited to 2D devices. [3,6] In recent years, 3D printing has emerged as a powerful tool to generate highly complex, freeform structures with enhanced functionalities, leading to great advances in various fields from photonic crystals to tissue scaffolds. [7][8][9][10][11][12] While two-photon stereolithography has represented the method of choice for the fabrication in the nm to µm scale, [8,9] for constructs with channels in the millimeter to centimeter scale various printing methods have been explored, such as direct ink writing, [13,14] embedded printing with fugitive inks (FRESH, SWIFT), [15][16][17][18] laser-sintering of sacrificial carbohydrate templates, [19] and digital light processing (DLP). [20][21][22] These technologies have particularly contributed to the tremendous progress in the design of increasingly complex vasculature networks for biomedical applications. [18,[23][24][25] More recently, a novel light-based fabrication method termed volumetric printing (VP) has emerged as a promising technology for such applications, enabling the printing of complex centimeter-sized models within seconds. [26,27] Recent studies have demonstrated the possibility to create hollow, perfusable structures, using materials from glass to biopolymers and possibly targeting mesoscale vasculature. [28][29][30][31] However, as all the methods described above, also VP falls short in covering resolution range from µm/sub-µm up to cm, thus currently limiting its application to microfluidic constructs with features >100-200 µm.Another light-based method named two-photon ablation (2PA) instead offers complementary capabilities, being limited in printing time and construct size, but reaching the highest resolution of any biofabrication method (≤1 µm). [8] 2PA is based on multiphoton ionization induced by high-intensity pulsed lasers, [32,33,34] and has been explored for a variety of applications, from "nanosurgery" to form cell-instructive microchannels. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Here, we show for the first time the hybrid/combined use of VP and 2PA printing technology to reproduce a multiscale Multiscale printing of 3D perfusable geometries holds great potential for a range of applications, from microfluidic systems to organ-on-a-chip. However, the generation of freeform designs spanning from centimeter to micrometer features represents an unmet challenge for a single fabrication method and thus may require the convergence of two or more modalities. Leveraging the great advances in light-based printing, herein a hybrid strategy is introduced to tackle this challenge. By combining volumetric printing (VP) and high-resolution two-photon ablation (2PA), the possibility to create multiscale models with features ranging from mesoscale (VP) to microscale (2PA) is demonstrated. To successfully combine these two methods, micro...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale Hybrid Fabrication: Volumetric Printing Meets Two‐Photon Ablation

Rizzo

Rütsche

Liu

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Technologies

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show abstract

“…[ 126,127 ] Recently, filamented light (FLight) biofabrication, which is based on optically modulated light projections without rotation of the printing vial, has emerged as a powerful technique for the fabrication of aligned tissue constructs such as muscles, vessels and tendons. [ 128 ] Here, the speckle patterns of lasers induce longitudinal microfilaments within the photocrosslinkable polymers, which act as excellent topographical cues for guiding cell alignment and extracellular matrix organization. Similar to existing techniques for multimaterial volumetric printing, FLight can also allow for the changing of material across the length or the cross‐section, thereby enabling complex multicellular tissues (e.g., vascularized muscle) or interfaces (e.g., myotendinous junctions) to be fabricated.…”

Section: Lithography‐based Bioprinting Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Bioprinting in Microgravity: Opportunities, Challenges, and Possible Applications in Space

Ombergen

Chalupa-Gantner

Chansoria

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Abstract3D bioprinting has developed tremendously in the last couple of years and enables the fabrication of simple, as well as complex, tissue models. The international space agencies have recognized the unique opportunities of these technologies for manufacturing cell and tissue models for basic research in space, in particular for investigating the effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation on different types of human tissues. In addition, bioprinting is capable of producing clinically applicable tissue grafts, and its implementation in space therefore can support the autonomous medical treatment options for astronauts in future long term and far‐distant space missions. The article discusses opportunities but also challenges of operating different types of bioprinters under space conditions, mainly in microgravity. While some process steps, most of which involving the handling of liquids, are challenging under microgravity, this environment can help overcome problems such as cell sedimentation in low viscous bioinks. Hopefully, this publication will motivate more researchers to engage in the topic, with publicly available bioprinting opportunities becoming available at the International Space Station (ISS) in the imminent future.

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“…[ 4,5 ] Yet, bulk hydrogels have merely nanoporous meshes inside the crosslinked network and thus face inevitable challenges such as insufficient nutrient exchange, poor cell infiltration, and weak vascularization, mainly due to the lack of micropores in the macroscopic construct. [ 6,7 ] More importantly, the in vitro 3D cell models need to be biologically relevant in terms of recapitulating the microenvironmental factors that resemble native tissue or disease pathology. [ 8 ] The composition and structural characteristics of extracellular matrix (ECM) can also be of heterogeneous nature in supporting a specific tissue function or under disease progression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Two‐Phase Emulsion Bioresin for Facile One‐Step 3D Microgel‐Based Bioprinting

Wang

Karadas

Backman

et al. 2023

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Microgel assembly as void-forming bioinks in 3D bioprinting has evidenced recent success with a highlighted scaffolding performance of these bottom-up biomaterial systems in supporting the viability and function of the laden cells. Here, a ternary-component aqueous emulsion is established as a one-step strategy to integrate the methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) microgel fabrication and assembly through vat photopolymerization in situ using digital light processing (DLP)-based bioprinting. The as-proposed aqueous emulsion is featured with the partitioning of a secondary photo-crosslinkable polysaccharide, methacrylated galactoglucomannan (GGMMA) derived from plant source in both the dispersed phase of GelMA droplets and the continuous phase of dextran (Dex). As an emulgator, GGMMA renders enhanced stability of the aqueous emulsion bioresins. Strategically, the photo-crosslinkable GGMMA adheres the GelMA microgels that are conveniently converted from emulsion droplets to form hydrogel construct in layer-by-layer curing to accommodate the laden cells directly mixed in the aqueous emulsion. The spatially interconnected void space left by the removal of Dex benefits the cell growth under the guidance of the microgel surface and supports cell colonization within the macroscopic porous hydrogel. This work amends a low-concentration and cost-effective bioresin that is highly applicable for facilely fabricating microgel assembly as a porous hydrogel construct in DLP-based bioprinting.

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Filamented Light (FLight) Biofabrication of Highly Aligned Tissue‐Engineered Constructs (Adv. Mater. 45/2022)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Multiscale Hybrid Fabrication: Volumetric Printing Meets Two‐Photon Ablation

Multiscale Hybrid Fabrication: Volumetric Printing Meets Two‐Photon Ablation

3D Bioprinting in Microgravity: Opportunities, Challenges, and Possible Applications in Space

Aqueous Two‐Phase Emulsion Bioresin for Facile One‐Step 3D Microgel‐Based Bioprinting

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