Filippov type plasma focus as intense source of hard X-rays (E/sub x/≆50 keV)

Filippov, N.V.; Filippova, T. I.; Karakin, M. A.; Krauz, V. I.; Tykshaev, V. P.; Vinogradov, V. P.; Bakulin, Yu. P.; Timofeev, V. V.; Зинченко, В. Ф.; Brzosko, J.R.; Brzosko, J.S.

doi:10.1109/27.536568

Cited by 38 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[23][24][25] The x-ray yield of the 26 keV hard x rays measured about 6ϫ10 Ϫ6 J/cm 2 at 15 cm, which corresponds to a conversion efficiency of 0.001%. This x-ray conversion efficiency is smaller than that of 0.03% of Filippov's results; 14 but it is comparable to those of 0.002% 7 and 0.005%. 8 Figure 2 shows the dependence of the regimes of peak x-ray energies as a function of the hydrogen partial pressures.…”

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confidence: 49%

“…5 In conventional PF discharges, hard x rays are emitted after the emissions of soft x rays from a plasma pinch column or hot spots surrounded with plasma clouds. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Recently, Filippov reported a discharge mode which causes explosive surface evaporations and hard x-rays emissions of high ϳ50 keV energy without forming a dense plasma column, using argon gas as filling gas, 14 which is heavier elements than hydrogen or deuterium used commonly in conventional PF discharges for fusion or neutron generation. According to this report, the electric circuit parameters, the geometry of the electrode, and the filling gas are main parameters to cause this anomalous mode, which is in accord with the Vikhrev's theoretical discussion that the Hall effect near an anode make influence on the dynamics of the current sheath causing a slipping current sheath without a dense long plasma column.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anomalous hard x-ray emission mode in a plasma focus discharge with hydrogen-argon mixtures

Heo

Park

2003

Applied Physics Letters

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We observed an anomalous discharge mode causing explosive surface evaporation and emission of hard x rays of 10–40 keV in the regime of the lower hydrogen partial pressures of hydrogen–argon mixture in a Mather type plasma focus device of 1.5 kJ. At the anomalous mode, the x rays were emitted from only the surface of the anode without emissions from a plasma column or hot spots, accompanying with explosive evaporations of the anode surface.

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confidence: 99%

Anomalous hard x-ray emission mode in a plasma focus discharge with hydrogen-argon mixtures

Heo

Park

2003

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Keeping this debris from the test object, while allowing the X-ray pulse to reach the test sample with minimum absorption, is a subject of present research [24]. DPF and Tandem Puff: The dense plasma focus (DPF) [17], [25] is a -pinch formed at the end of a coaxial set of electrodes, following an axial rundown during development of the peak current, and the possibility of forming this type of plasma was discovered in the early 1960s. The current is initiated along an insulator in the breech, moves axially as a snow-plough into the background gas (e.g., deuterium, neon, or argon) [26].…”

Section: B Cold X-ray Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving approaches to pulsed X-ray sources

Ware

Bell

Gullickson

et al. 2002

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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Production of pulsed radiation in the kiloelectronvolt-to-megaelectronvolt range for simulation of nuclear weapon effects uses pulsed power generators with output powers of the order of 1-10 TW. Radiation in the high-energy (gamma and hot) part of the spectrum has been obtained using intense electron beams incident on solid targets of high-material to produce radiation with continuous bremsstrahlung spectra. Magnetically driven plasma implosions have been used to obtain radiation in the keV (cold) part of the spectrum, characterized by strong line emission. The efficiency of radiation, required for Defense Threat Reduction Agency tasks, relative to stored pulser energy, is only a few percent. Radiation yields in the range of 5 to 60 keV are especially low, regardless of which method of radiation production is used. This article discusses the evolving approaches to producing hot and cold X-rays, to seeking more efficient radiators of cold and warm X-rays, and to improving the spectral and temporal characteristics of the hot radiation. Integration of the pulsed power drivers, with innovative radiator load concepts, is utilized to expand the cold and hot X-ray test capability, to increase the warm X-ray yields, as well as to reduce capital costs of the test facilities.Index Terms-Plasma implosions, pulsed power, X-rays.

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“…Plasma focus machines operated in neon have also been studied as intense sources of soft x-rays with potential applications [2][3][4]. Whilst many recent experiments have concentrated efforts on low energy devices [2][3][4] with a view of operating these as repetitive pulsed sources, other experiments have looked at x-ray pulses from larger plasma focus devices [5,6] extending to the MJ regime. Numerical experiments simulating x-ray pulses from plasma focus devices are also gaining more interest in the public domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling Laws for Plasma Focus Machines from Numerical Experiments

Saw¹,

Lee²

2010

EPE

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Numerical experiments carried out systematically using the Lee Model code unveil insightful and practical wide-ranging scaling laws for plasma focus machines for nuclear fusion energy as well as other applications. An essential feature of the numerical experiments is the fitting of a measured current waveform to the computed waveform to calibrate the model for the particular machine, thus providing a reliable and rigorous determination of the all-important pinch current. The thermodynamics and radiation properties of the resulting plasma are then reliably determined. This paper provides an overview of the recently published scaling laws for neutron (Yn) and neon soft x-ray, SXR (Ysxr) yields: Yn = 3.2x1011 Ipinch4.5; Yn = 1.8x1010 Ipeak3.8; Ipeak (0.3 to 5.7), Ipinch (0.2 to 2.4) in MA. Yn~E02.0 at tens of kJ to Yn~E00.84 at MJ level (up to 25MJ) and Ysxr = 8.3x103 Ipinch3.6; Ysxr = 6x102 Ipeak3.2; Ipeak (0.1 to 2.4), Ipinch (0.07 to1.3) in MA. Ysxr~E01.6 (kJ range) to Ysxr~E00.8 (towards MJ)

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Filippov type plasma focus as intense source of hard X-rays (E/sub x/≆50 keV)

Cited by 38 publications

References 10 publications

Anomalous hard x-ray emission mode in a plasma focus discharge with hydrogen-argon mixtures

Anomalous hard x-ray emission mode in a plasma focus discharge with hydrogen-argon mixtures

Evolving approaches to pulsed X-ray sources

Scaling Laws for Plasma Focus Machines from Numerical Experiments

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