Filter-based PV power smoothing control for island hybrid energy systems with high PV penetration

Abstract

Hybrid energy system are a promlsmg option considering low cost energy supply. The integration of renew able sources to diesel only systems allows for a reduction in diesel generator fuel consumption. However, significant issues with renewable power systems are their intermittency and unpredictability. This influence can be limited by an improved energy management strategy. State of the art strategies, which claim a low energy cost, are based on averaged photovoltaic (PV) data. Applying these methods to systems using real PV data results in an inefficient operation of the diesel generator and increased cost. In this paper, a new control strategy for the operation of diesel generators in systems with high (> 70%) PV penetration is proposed. This new operational strategy is based on a filter-based control, including a Kalman or Particle filter and a small storage to undertake the standby capacity of the diesel generator. Based on the filtered photovoltaic data, an optimal operating point for the diesel generator is identified. Simulation analysis using the load profile of a cargo complex shows that this method significantly improves the diesel generator operation by 50% reduction in cold starts compared to conventional hybrid energy management strategies. The proposed strategy also achieves up to 7% savings in cost of energy with high PV penetration.

Dual-Kalman-Filter-Based Identification and Real-Time Optimization of PV Systems

“…It is worth noting that the same values have been used in the CCM-based identification technique in [25]. During the whole estimation process, the PRBS can be injected many times: the process stops when the first equation in (13) holds with the following threshold value: e f ε ,th = 17.7% (19) This value of e f ε ,th has been chosen because it corresponds to a settling time percentage estimation error equal to 15%.…”

“…A linear state-space equation for the MPPT algorithm is derived and the KF is used to track the Maximum Power Point (MPP). Authors in [18] present a new MPPT technique based on the Iterated Unscented Kalman Filter (IUKF) whereas, in [19], the KF is used for smoothing the PV measured power data in order to find the optimal operating point of a diesel generator in a hybrid energy system. In all the aforementioned papers, the KF estimation process concerns the PV source only, without considering the effects of the whole PV system components on the overall dynamic behavior.…”

Provision of Ramp-rate Limitation as Ancillary Service from Distribution to Transmission System: Definitions and Methodologies for Control and Sizing of Central Battery Energy Storage System

“…Several methods have been used to smooth output power fluctuations of DRESs. These methods can be classified into three categories: ① moving average (MA) based methods [16], [17]; ② low-pass filter (LPF) based methods [18], [19]; and ③ direct RR control based methods [20], [21]. MA and LPF based methods are the most widely adopted since they are easy to implement and have low computational burden.…”