Final thermal conditions override the effects of temperature history and dispersal in experimental communities

Limberger, Romana; Low‐Décarie, Étienne; Fussmann, Gregor F.

doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.1540

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Firstly, contrary to what has been proposed for algae (Limberger et al, 2014), thermal history shapes the heat response of ectotherms and drives trade-offs between costs and benefits of acute heat exposure. Secondly, colonisation of harsh environments appears to infer an adaptive value with a magnified resilience to climatic variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The importance of thermal history: costs and benefits of heat exposure in a tropical, rocky shore oyster

Giomi

Mandaglio

Ganmanee

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Although thermal performance is widely recognised to be pivotal in determining species' distributions, assessment of this performance is often based on laboratory-acclimated individuals, neglecting their proximate thermal history. The thermal history of a species sums the evolutionary history and, importantly, the thermal events recently experienced by individuals, including short-term acclimation to environmental variations. Thermal history is perhaps of greatest importance for species inhabiting thermally challenging environments and therefore assumed to be living close to their thermal limits, such as in the tropics. To test the importance of thermal history, the responses of the tropical oyster Isognomon nucleus to short-term differences in thermal environments were investigated. Critical and lethal temperatures and oxygen consumption were improved in oysters that previously experienced elevated air temperatures, and were associated with an enhanced heat shock response, indicating that recent thermal history affects physiological performance as well as inducing short-term acclimation to acute conditions. These responses were, however, associated with tradeoffs in feeding activity, with oysters that experienced elevated temperatures showing reduced energy gain. Recent thermal history, therefore, seems to rapidly invoke physiological mechanisms that enhance survival of short-term thermal challenge but also longer term climatic changes and consequently needs to be incorporated into assessments of species' thermal performances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The importance of thermal history: costs and benefits of heat exposure in a tropical, rocky shore oyster

Giomi

Mandaglio

Ganmanee

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Taken separately, warming experiments that usually report declines in diversity at higher temperatures (Gruner et al, 2017), and metacommunity experiments that typically find increases in diversity at higher dispersal rates (Cadotte, 2006;Grainger & Gilbert, 2016), suggest that warming could induce declines in diversity that could be offset by connectivity. Recent experiments testing the combined influence of warming and connectivity on metacommunity diversity have likewise hypothesized that connectivity could mitigate negative impacts of warming, and have also failed to find support for this hypothesis; instead, these studies report declines in diversity at higher temperatures that were not mitigated by higher inter-patch dispersal rates (Limberger et al, 2014), or positive effects of dispersal at ambient but not warm temperatures (Thompson et al, 2015). Compared to isolated communities, low connectivity treatments that allow for dispersal experienced more rapid declines in diversity at ambient temperatures, and these losses were offset by warming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As a result, temperature-induced increases in functional connectivity could increase diversity at both local and regional scales within metacommunities (Cadotte & Fukami, 2005;Verreydt et al, 2012). Although previous experiments investigating the effect of warming on metacommunity dynamics have maintained tractability by warming local patches while manipulating dispersal rates (Limberger, Low-D ecarie, & Fussmann, 2014;Thompson et al, 2015), allowing warming to simultaneously alter both local species interactions and species' movement between patches would provide a critical next step toward understanding the full impact of warming in spatially structured environments (Salt, Bulit, Zhang, Qi, & Montagnes, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Multi‐scale responses to warming in an experimental insect metacommunity

Grainger

Gilbert

2017

Global Change Biology

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In metacommunities, diversity is the product of species interactions at the local scale and dispersal between habitat patches at the regional scale. Although warming can alter both species interactions and dispersal, the combined effects of warming on these two processes remains uncertain. To determine the independent and interactive effects of warming-induced changes to local species interactions and dispersal, we constructed experimental metacommunities consisting of enclosed milkweed patches seeded with five herbivorous milkweed specialist insect species. We treated metacommunities with two levels of warming (unwarmed and warmed) and three levels of connectivity (isolated, low connectivity, high connectivity). Based on metabolic theory, we predicted that if plant resources were limited, warming would accelerate resource drawdown, causing local insect declines and increasing both insect dispersal and the importance of connectivity to neighboring patches for insect persistence. Conversely, given abundant resources, warming could have positive local effects on insects, and the risk of traversing a corridor to reach a neighboring patch could outweigh the benefits of additional resources. We found support for the latter scenario. Neither resource drawdown nor the weak insect-insect associations in our system were affected by warming, and most insect species did better locally in warmed conditions and had dispersal responses that were unchanged or indirectly affected by warming. Dispersal across the matrix posed a species-specific risk that led to declines in two species in connected metacommunities. Combined, this scaled up to cause an interactive effect of warming and connectivity on diversity, with unwarmed metacommunities with low connectivity incurring the most rapid declines in diversity. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of integrating the complex outcomes of species interactions and spatial structure in understanding community response to climate change.

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“…A number of empirical studies have demonstrated that the combined effects of different stressors sometimes offers a better explanation of organismal response to climate change than single factors in isolation [1,3,4]. For example, interaction effects were found in 74% out of 171 studies encompassing individuals, populations and whole communities in marine ecosystems [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium interacts with temperature to influence Daphnia movement rates

Betini¹,

Roszell²,

Heyland³

et al. 2016

R. Soc. open sci.

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Predicting the ecological responses to climate change is particularly challenging, because organisms might be affected simultaneously by the synergistic effects of multiple environmental stressors. Global warming is often accompanied by declining calcium concentration in many freshwater ecosystems. Although there is growing evidence that these changes in water chemistry and thermal conditions can influence ecosystem dynamics, little information is currently available about how these synergistic environmental stressors could influence the behaviour of aquatic organisms. Here, we tested whether the combined effects of calcium and temperature affect movement parameters (average speed, mean turning frequency and mean-squared displacement) of the planktonic Daphnia magna, using a full factorial design and exposing Daphnia individuals to a range of realistic levels of temperature and calcium concentration. We found that movement increased with both temperature and calcium concentration, but temperature effects became considerably weaker when individuals were exposed to calcium levels close to survival limits documented for several Daphnia species, signalling a strong interaction effect. These results support the notion that changes in water chemistry might have as strong an effect as projected changes in temperature on movement rates of Daphnia, suggesting that even sublethal levels of calcium decline could have a considerable impact on the dynamics of freshwater ecosystems.

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Final thermal conditions override the effects of temperature history and dispersal in experimental communities

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

The importance of thermal history: costs and benefits of heat exposure in a tropical, rocky shore oyster

The importance of thermal history: costs and benefits of heat exposure in a tropical, rocky shore oyster

Multi‐scale responses to warming in an experimental insect metacommunity

Calcium interacts with temperature to influence Daphnia movement rates

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