Financially Focused Self-concept in Disordered Gambling

Tabri, Nassim; Wohl, Michael J. A.

doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00360-0

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Likewise, the extent to which people hold a financially focused self-concept (i.e. placing overriding importance on financial success for self-definition and selfworth [47]) and feel financially deprived relative to others (personal relative deprivation [48]) have both been linked with gambling for financial gain and having gambling problems [49][50][51][52]. We note that these attitudes toward money and financial success have received limited attention among both the identified studies in our review, and gambling research more broadly, and so we could not directly test whether they contribute to the observed heterogeneity between the effect sizes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between financial gambling motives, gambling frequency and level of problem gambling: a meta‐analytic review

et al. 2021

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Aims: Money is central to psychological definitions of gambling, but contemporary accounts of disordered gambling are ambiguous regarding the role of financial motives for gambling. The aims of the current research were to obtain meta-analytic weighted effect sizes for zeroorder associations of financial motives against disordered gambling and gambling frequency, as well as partial associations after controlling for other motives (e.g. coping). Design:A meta-analysis of the available literature through October 2019 was undertaken. Studies were identified from multiple sources (e.g., database search, consulting other researchers). PRISMA standards were followed when screening identified records and extracting relevant data. The data analytic plan was pre-registered.Setting: Cross-sectional studies that involved student, community, and clinical samples of people who gamble.Participants: Forty-one studies were included with 32,997 participants from different countries.Measurements: Validated self-report measures of financial motives for gambling alongside measures of either problem gambling and/or gambling frequency.Findings: Financial motives for gambling were positively associated with both disordered gambling, r = .34, [.30, .38], p =1.04 e-61 , and gambling frequency, r = .29, [.20, .37], p = 1.70 e-13 , with moderate effect sizes. The partial associations after controlling for overlapping variance with other gambling motives were also positive (disordered gambling: β = .18, [.14, .23], p = 2.53 e-15 ; gambling frequency: β = .16, [.08, .24], p = 9.45 e-5 ), with small-to-moderate effect sizes. The effect sizes were heterogenous and the extent of heterogeneity was high. Moderator analyses of the zero-order association involving gambling frequency indicated that effect sizes were larger for studies that used the Gambling Motives Questionnaire-Financial relative to studies that developed their own gambling motives measure. No further moderators were statistically significant.Conclusions: Financial motives are reliably and positively associated with both disordered gambling and gambling involvement and should be incorporated into etiological models of gambling disorder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between financial gambling motives, gambling frequency and level of problem gambling: a meta‐analytic review

et al. 2021

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“…Certain persons place overriding importance on their financial success for selfdefinition and self-worth. Possessing such a financially focused self-concept has unique predictive utility for explaining disordered gambling beyond that of the known risk factors for disordered gambling (for a recent review, see Tabri & Wohl, 2021). However, most research on this association has been cross-sectional, which limits causal inferences about directionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Measurement Invariance of the Financially Focused Self-Concept Construct

Tabri

Philander

Wood³

et al. 2021

JGI

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Persons maintaining a financially focused self-concept view financial success as a core aspect of their respective self-concepts. We examined whether measurement properties of the financially focused self-concept scale (FFS) are invariant over time. A sample of predominantly older community members who gamble (N = 147) completed the 4-item FFS and Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) twice, approximately four weeks apart. FFS had strong temporal measurement invariance and moderate-to-high temporal stability. FFS and PGSI were also positively associated within and across waves. These findings indicate that people who score higher in financial focus report more gambling problems concurrently and over time.

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“…Thus, they will often seek out different ways to make more money compared to those who place little importance on financial success. This would be considered as having a financially focused self-concept (for a review, see Tabri & Wohl, 2021). As such, success or failure in domains that are perceived to be more important than others have a significant influence on self-definition and thus the evaluation of self-worth.…”

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Appearance focused self-concept predicts disordered eating behaviour: An experience sampling study

Nicoletta

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People with more (relative to less) appearance focused self-concept are more likely to engage in disordered eating behaviours over time. Yet, overlooked is whether this relationship occurs at the within-person level and over the course of a day. My thesis addressed these two gaps in knowledge. I examined the psychometric properties of a short measure of appearance focused self-concept for use in experience sampling research. I also examined links with daily disordered eating. Participants were 47 female university students. They completed questionnaires seven times a day for 14 days. Results showed that the measure of appearance focused self-concept was both valid and reliable. Also, greater appearance focused self-concept at the start of the day and increases in appearance focused self-concept over the course of the day were each associated with same-day and next-day disordered eating. These findings indicate that the relation between appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating is ergodic. Appearance focused self-concept predicts disordered eating behaviour: An experience sampling studyExisting research on disordered eating behaviours has shown that having an appearance focused self-concept increases an individual's propensity to engage in disordered eating behaviours such as binge eating. However, there are currently two limitations within the current research. Firstly, theory suggests that within-person increases in appearance focused self-concept increases disordered eating, but most of the research on appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating behaviours has used a between-person approach, rather than a within-person approach. Secondly, the within-person link between appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating likely occurs over a short timescale. Yet, in longitudinal research, large gaps of time are often used when measuring appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating over time, such as months or years. In my thesis research, I addressed these two limitations. More specifically, I examined the relation between appearance focused self-concept and disordered eating at the within-person level, over the course of a day, and between days. Appearance focused self-concept and disordered eatingThe self-concept refers to an individual's cognitive framework encompassing their selfperception and personal identity (Rosenberg, 1979). It comprises a collection of beliefs pertaining to various aspects of one's life, including but not limited to interpersonal relationships, education, career, physical health, appearance, and financial status. The domains of the selfconcept may vary among individuals. For instance, an individual's self-concept might incorporate different domains such as being a teacher, a mother, a sister, hailing from Italy, and having a penchant for reading. As well, the different domains vary in terms of their perceived importance for self-definition and self-worth.

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Financially Focused Self-concept in Disordered Gambling

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Associations between financial gambling motives, gambling frequency and level of problem gambling: a meta‐analytic review

Associations between financial gambling motives, gambling frequency and level of problem gambling: a meta‐analytic review

Temporal Measurement Invariance of the Financially Focused Self-Concept Construct

Appearance focused self-concept predicts disordered eating behaviour: An experience sampling study

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