Finding our roots and celebrating our shoots: Plant virology in Virology, 1955–1964

Scholthof, Karen‐Beth G.

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2015.03.019

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Allard, a USDA scientist, published convincing studies that TMV was an infectious entity, not a physiological or abiotic anomaly (2). Yet for more than a decade, the nature of mosaic diseases remained ill-defined: A virus was smaller than a bacterium, was not visible using light microscopy, and could not be grown on an artificial medium (15,83,84,87,88,92,97,98). Indirect methods advanced by Helen Purdy Beale (Boyce Thompson Institute), Francis O. Holmes (Rockefeller Institute, Princeton, NJ, for the work discussed here), H. H. McKinney (USDA), and James Johnson (University of Wisconsin), using tools of serology, host range, virus strains, and cross-protection slowly chipped away at the confusion, toward a determination of the biological properties of TMV and other plant viruses (14,84,87,(91)(92)(93)97).…”

Section: Early Twentieth-century Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Past Is Present: Coevolution of Viruses and Host Resistance Within Geographic Centers of Plant Diversity

Scholthof

2023

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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Understanding the coevolutionary history of plants, pathogens, and disease resistance is vital for plant pathology. Here, I review Francis O. Holmes's work with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) framed by the foundational work of Nikolai Vavilov on the geographic centers of origin of plants and crop wild relatives (CWRs) and T. Harper Goodspeed's taxonomy of the genus Nicotiana. Holmes developed a hypothesis that the origin of host resistance to viruses was due to coevolution of both at a geographic center. In the 1950s, Holmes proved that genetic resistance to TMV, especially dominant R-genes, was centered in South America for Nicotiana and other solanaceous plants, including Capsicum, potato, and tomato. One seeming exception was eggplant ( Solanum melongena). Not until the acceptance of plate tectonics in the 1960s and recent advances in evolutionary taxonomy did it become evident that northeast Africa was the home of eggplant CWRs, far from Holmes's geographic center for TMV– R-gene coevolution. Unbeknownst to most plant pathologists, Holmes's ideas predated those of H.H. Flor, including experimental proof of the gene-for-gene interaction, identification of R-genes, and deployment of dominant host genes to protect crop plants from virus-associated yield losses. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Phytopathology, Volume 61 is September 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Section: Early Twentieth-century Virologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Past Is Present: Coevolution of Viruses and Host Resistance Within Geographic Centers of Plant Diversity

Scholthof

2023

Annu. Rev. Phytopathol.

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“…), constitutes one of the most important sanitary problems for seed potato growers and has recently been classified as one of the ten most important plant viruses from economic and scientific points of view (Scholthof et al. ; reviewed in Scholthof ). Similarly, in Tunisia, PVY is one of the major problems in seed potato multiplication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Hybrids Between Potato and S. berthaultii Show Partial Resistance to Soil‐Borne Fungi and Potato Virus Y

Nouri-Ellouz

Triki²,

Jbir-Koubaa³

et al. 2016

Journal of Phytopathology

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Three tetraploid somatic hybrid lines produced by protoplast fusion between a dihaploid potato, Solanum tuberosum, cultivar BF15 and the wild potato species Solanum berthaultii were evaluated here for their response to different soil‐borne pathogens, that is Fusarium solani, Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani as well as to infection by potato virus Y (PVY). Both hybrid and BF15 plants grown in vitro were inoculated with the tested pathogen strains, that is R. solani, P. aphanidermatum, or F. solani. The growth level and disease severity index of these plants were compared to the susceptible commercial cultivar Spunta. A better growth of inoculated hybrid plants and restricted disease symptoms were observed in comparison with the commercial plants. Under glasshouse conditions and after inoculation with R. solani and P. aphanidermatum, improved resistance of the hybrid plants to these pathogens was confirmed. Indeed, these plants showed no significant damage following inoculation and a better development in R. solani‐infected plants. The susceptibility of the hybrid tubers to R. solani, P. aphanidermatum, and to F. solani infection was also determined. A significant reduction of tissue colonisation was observed in all the hybrid lines compared to the cultivated cultivars. The STBc and STBd hybrids also showed improved resistance to the PVY ordinary strain (PVYo) under glasshouse conditions.

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The generation of empty Turnip yellow mosaic virus capsids through depletion of virion-associated divalent cations

Powell

Dreher

2022

Journal of Virological Methods

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Finding our roots and celebrating our shoots: Plant virology in Virology, 1955–1964

Cited by 3 publications

References 94 publications

The Past Is Present: Coevolution of Viruses and Host Resistance Within Geographic Centers of Plant Diversity

The Past Is Present: Coevolution of Viruses and Host Resistance Within Geographic Centers of Plant Diversity

Somatic Hybrids Between Potato and S. berthaultii Show Partial Resistance to Soil‐Borne Fungi and Potato Virus Y

The generation of empty Turnip yellow mosaic virus capsids through depletion of virion-associated divalent cations

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