-INTRODUCTION:Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of salivary gland lesions has become very popular as a pre-operative diagnostic tool. However, in some instances the final histology of these lesions differs from the FNAC result. OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in salivary gland lesions and identify the salivary gland FNA cases having discordant histological diagnosis so that most common diagnostic pitfalls can be avoided. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty four salivary gland FNAC cases from January 2009 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed to identify the cytological characteristics that may have contributed to this discrepancy. Only 44 cases could be correlated histopathologically. RESULTS: Of the 64 cases analysed cytologically, 4 smears turned out to be unsatisfactory for evaluation, hence only rest 60 smears were evaluated. Out of the 32 cases which were given as cytologically benign, 28 were confirmed as benign on histology, while 04 cases turned out as malignant on histology. Of the 12 cases which were cytologically malignant, 2 turned out to be benign on histology. Taking histology as the "gold standard", the following data were obtained: specificity 92.8%, sensitivity 69.8%, diagnostic accuracy 84.5%, positive predictive value 83% and negative predictive value 83%. CONCLUSION: Despite inadequate samples obtained in some cases, FNAC should be done in the preoperative diagnosis of salivary gland lesions as it offers high diagnostic accuracy and specificity and an acceptable sensitivity.