Fine-scale genetic structure and clinal variation in Silene acaulis despite high gene flow

Gehring, Janet L.; Delph, Lynda F.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2540.1999.00524.x

Cited by 47 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The spatial scale of evolutionary differentiation in this system is similar to those of other examples of evolution on small spatial scales (Koehn et al 1980;Johnson and Black 1984;Karban 1989;Alstat and Corbin 1990;Kordos and Burton 1993;Bertness and Gaines 1993;Hanks and Denno 1994;Mopper et al 1995;McCauley et al 1995;Warner 1997;Gehring and Delph 1999). An important difference in this system is that the proposed agent of selection acts episodically rather than continuously.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Small spatial-scale differentiation among populations of an introduced colonial invertebrate

Grosholz

2001

Oecologia

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Introduced species frequently undergo rapid evolutionary change in ecologically important traits that may strongly influence their performance in their introduced range. But for many introduced species, and particularly those in marine systems, the spatial and temporal dimensions of this evolutionary change are largely unknown. In this study, I conducted a common garden transplant experiment using replicate clones of an introduced tunicate, Botrylloides sp., collected from three sites in the southern Gulf of Maine to test for differential growth and survival in response to local thermal regimes. This species has a restricted larval development period, which may permit significant population differentiation over relatively small spatial scales. I found dramatic among-site differences in survival rates: tunicates collected from both the transplant site and from a distant northern site had high survival, while those collected from a southern site experienced 100% mortality. The most likely cause of this differential mortality was an anomalous upwelling event that produced some of the coldest mid-summer temperatures in the last 10 years based on NOAA weather buoy data. I also found significant differences in growth rates among sites as well as among clones within a site in comparison with growth-rate differences within clones. An estimate of broad-sense heritability based on these data was consistent with a genetic basis for among-site differences in growth rates, which were strongly predictive of subsequent mortality. I conclude that this species has undergone significant evolutionary change that has resulted in population differentiation with respect to temperature tolerances among sites separated by <60 km.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Small spatial-scale differentiation among populations of an introduced colonial invertebrate

Grosholz

2001

Oecologia

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“…Such a pattern can be explained by sufficient gene flow (both by pollen and seed) within each particular stand. Furthermore, the low population density of each tree species imposed by mixed stand structure did not form a significant family-related structure in the plots and, therefore, did not support an isolation-by-distance process at the fine scale (in 50 x 50 m plots), as observed for other wind dispersed tree species in Europe and North America (GEHRING and DELPH, 1999;MARQUARDT and EPPERSON, 2004;VEKEMANS and HARDY, 2004;TROUPON et al, 2006). Moreover, in the study plots used here in (of only 0.25 ha), the impact of uniformly-acting selection countering significant autocorrelation would probably be weak, although microenvironmental selection cannot be excluded (EPPERSON, 1992;.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Spatial genetic structure in the very rare and species-rich Picea chihuahuana tree community (Mexico)

et al. 2014

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In natural plant populations, the spatial genetic structure (SGS) is occasionally associated with evolutionary and ecological features such as the mating system, individual fitness, inbreeding depression and natural selection of the species of interest. The very rare Mexican P. chihuahuana tree community covers an area no more than 300 ha and has been the subject of several studies concerning its ecology and population genetics. The overall aim of most of these studies has been to obtain data to help design preservation and conservation strategies. However, analysis of the fine-scale SGS in this special forest tree community has not yet been conducted, which might help enrich the above mentioned conservation programs. In this study, we examined the SGS of this community, mostly formed by P. chihuahuana Martínez, Pinus strobiformis Ehrenberg ex Schlechtendah, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco, and Populus tremuloides Michx, in 14 localities at both the fine and large scales, with the aim of obtaining a better understanding of evolutionary processes. We observed a non-significant autocorrelation in fine-scale SGS, suggesting that the genetic variants of all four tree species are randomly distributed in space within each sampled plot of 50 x 50 m. At the larger scale, the autocorrelation was highly significant for P. chihuahuana and P. menziesii, probably as a result of insufficient gene flow due to the extreme population isolation and small sizes. For these two species our results provided strong support for the theory of isolation by distance.

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“…Conversely, however, high genetic variation has been found within populations (Abbott et al 1995, Gehring and Delph 1999, Gugerli et al 1999, Pluess and Stocklin 2004, suggesting long distance pollen transport by insects (Gugerli et al 1999). The current literature on cushions provides an introduction to the species and how they might be interacting but is still far from comprehensive.…”

Section: The Ecological Significance Of Cushions Plants: Heavy or Ligmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the recent ecological literature on cushion plants: champions of plant facilitation

2010

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Abstract. Cushion-forming plant species are found in alpine and polar environments around the world. They modify the microclimate, thereby facilitating other plant species. Similar to the effectiveness of shrubs as a means to study facilitation in arid and semi-arid environments, we explore the potential for cushion plant species to expand the generality of research on this contemporary ecological interaction. A systematic review was conducted to determine the number of publications and citation frequency on relevant ecological topics whilst using shrub literature as a baseline to assess relative importance of cushions as a focal point for future ecological research. Although there are forty times more shrub articles, mean citations per paper is comparable between cushion and shrub literature. Furthermore, the scope of ecological research topics studied using cushions is broad including facilitation, competition, environmental gradients, life history, genetics, reproduction, community, ecosystem and evolution. The preliminary ecological evidence to date also strongly suggests that cushion plants can be keystone species in their ecosystems. Hence, ecological research on net interactions including facilitation and patterns of diversity can be successfully examined using cushion plants, and this is particularly timely given expectations associated with a changing climate in these regions.

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Fine-scale genetic structure and clinal variation in Silene acaulis despite high gene flow

Cited by 47 publications

References 51 publications

Small spatial-scale differentiation among populations of an introduced colonial invertebrate

Small spatial-scale differentiation among populations of an introduced colonial invertebrate

Spatial genetic structure in the very rare and species-rich Picea chihuahuana tree community (Mexico)

A systematic review of the recent ecological literature on cushion plants: champions of plant facilitation

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