Fine Substrate Specificities of Four Exo-Type Cellulases Produced by Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma reesei, and Irpex lacteus on (1-&gt;3),(1-&gt;4)- -D-Glucans and Xyloglucan

Amano, Yoshihiko; Shiroishi, Masahiro; Nisizawa, Kazutosi; Hoshino, Eiichi; Kanda, Takahisa

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a021531

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In particular, it was reported that Ex 1 had higher hydrolytic activity toward (1 3),(1 4) D glucan than other exo type cellulases. 13) On the other hand, CBH II was found as the inverting enzyme performing the reaction by the single displacement mechanism without transglycosylation. 18) In order to investigate the transglycosylation mechanism of CBH I, the mode of G3 hydrolysis was estimated by using G3H as a substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11) Ex 1 and Exo A were also purified from Driselase (from I. lacteus, Kyowa Hakko Co., Ltd.) and Sumizyme AC (from A. niger, Shin Nihon Chemical Co., Ltd.), respectively. 12,13) Substrates. Cello oligosaccharides and pNP glycosides used in this experiment were purchased from Seikagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 and Fig. 4 gave the 13 C NMR assignments and the structures of its three transfer products. In all products, the assignment of pNP was found around 100 150 ppm.…”

Section: Structural Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transglycosylation Reaction and Acceptor Specificity of Exo- and Endo-type Cellulases

Nozaki¹,

Kano²,

Amano³

et al. 2004

J. Appl. Glycosci.

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Novel and biofunctional oligosaccharides have been synthesized by using transglycosylation of various hydrolases. The combination of many kinds of sugars and linkages makes it possible to produce a number of available oligosaccharides. However, there are few reports concerned with the synthesis of oligosaccharides linked with the glycosidic bond such as cello oligosaccharide. For developing this, the application of transglycosylation performed by cellulase may be the most effective.On the cellulose degradation, cellulases are divided into the major three groups: endo type cellulase (EC 3.2.1.4), cellobiohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.91) and glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21). Among these, it is known a certain glucosidase exhibits not only cellulose degradation but also glucosyl transfer with 1,2, 1,3 and 1,6 as well as 1,4 bonds. For this reactivity, glucosidase has been utilized for synthesis of glucosides linked with various bonds. 6,7) However it is expected that a new catalyst showing higher acceptor and linkage specificities to form favorite oligosaccharides more abundantly will be found.On the other hand, the structural analysis of transfer products provides some information about the action pattern of cellulase. There has been discussion about the hydrolysis mode of cellulose molecule, from the reducing or nonreducing end, performed by cellobiohydrolase using several methods. 2,8,9) However, about the directionality in hydrolysis in CBH I from T. reesei has been disputed. 2,9) Additionally, it is interesting to compare the transglycosylation behavior between exo and endo type cellulases. In this study, we have compared the potential of cellulases for transglycosyl reaction and investigated acceptor specificity. MATERIALS AND METHODSEnzyme sources. All enzymes used in this study were purified from commercial enzyme preparations. CBH I, CBH II and EG II were obtained from Sumizyme C (from T. reesei, Shin Nihon Chemical Co., Ltd.). 10,11) Ex 1 and Exo A were also purified from Driselase (from I. lacteus, Kyowa Hakko Co., Ltd.) and Sumizyme AC (from A. niger, Shin Nihon Chemical Co., Ltd.), respectively. 12,13)Substrates. Cello oligosaccharides and pNP glycosides used in this experiment were purchased from Seikagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Reduced cello oligosaccharides were prepared by the method of Barr et al . 8)Transglycosylation reaction. The reaction was carried out at 30 C in 4.2 M enzyme and 12.5 mM acetate buffer (CBH I, pH 4.0; CBH II, pH 4.5; Ex 1, pH 5.0; and EG II, pH 4.5) or 12.5 mM citrate HCl buffer (Exo A, pH 3.0) containing 1.25 mM G3 and 5 mM pNPG1 as a donor and an acceptor, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transglycosylation Reaction and Acceptor Specificity of Exo- and Endo-type Cellulases

Nozaki¹,

Kano²,

Amano³

et al. 2004

J. Appl. Glycosci.

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“…This model, however, is inconsistent with several features of cellulose degradative systems. Thus, biochemical and structural data indicate that GH6 cellobiohydrolases are not, exclusively, exo acting (Amano et al, 1996;Armand et al, 1997;Varrot et al, 1999). Furthermore, some highly active cellulase systems lack a classic pair of cellobiohydrolases that act from the reducing and nonreducing ends of cellulose chains, respectively (Xie et al, 2007;Weiner et al, 2008).…”

Section: Cellulasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biochemistry and Structural Biology of Plant Cell Wall Deconstruction

2010

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“…5 in Wilson et al, 2006). However, CBHII also binds to the (1→4)-b-oligoglucoside structures in (1→3, 1→4)-b-D-glucan and xyloglucan (Henriksson et al, 1995;Amano et al, 1996). We assumed at 3 and 4 DAP, CBHII was binding to cellulose because (1→3, 1→4)-b-D-glucan is not deposited until after 4 DAP and xyloglucan is absent in the mature grain (Fincher, 1975;Stone, 1981a, 1981b).…”

Section: Xyloglucan Deposition During Cellularization (3-8 Dap)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of Deposition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides and Transcript Abundance of Related Cell Wall Synthesis Genes during Differentiation in Barley Endosperm

Wilson

Burton²,

Collins³

et al. 2012

Plant Physiology

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Immunolabeling, combined with chemical analyses and transcript profiling, have provided a comprehensive temporal and spatial picture of the deposition and modification of cell wall polysaccharides during barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain development, from endosperm cellularization at 3 d after pollination (DAP) through differentiation to the mature grain at 38 DAP. (1→3)-β-d-Glucan appears transiently during cellularization but reappears in patches in the subaleurone cell walls around 20 DAP. (1→3, 1→4)-β-Glucan, the most abundant polysaccharide of the mature barley grain, accumulates throughout development. Arabino-(1-4)-β-d-xylan is deposited significantly earlier than we previously reported. This was attributable to the initial deposition of the polysaccharide in a highly substituted form that was not recognized by antibodies commonly used to detect arabino-(1-4)-β-d-xylans in sections of plant material. The epitopes needed for antibody recognition were exposed by pretreatment of sections with α-l-arabinofuranosidase; this procedure showed that arabino-(1-4)-β-d-xylans were deposited as early as 5 DAP and highlighted their changing structures during endosperm development. By 28 DAP labeling of hetero-(1→4)-β-d-mannan is observed in the walls of the starchy endosperm but not in the aleurone walls. Although absent in mature endosperm cell walls we now show that xyloglucan is present transiently from 3 until about 6 DAP and disappears by 8 DAP. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction of transcripts for GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE, Cellulose Synthase, and CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE genes were consistent with the patterns of polysaccharide deposition. Transcript profiling of some members from the Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes database glycosyl transferase families GT61, GT47, and GT43, previously implicated in arabino-(1-4)-β-d-xylan biosynthesis, confirms their presence during grain development.

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Fine Substrate Specificities of Four Exo-Type Cellulases Produced by Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma reesei, and Irpex lacteus on (1->3),(1->4)- -D-Glucans and Xyloglucan

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Transglycosylation Reaction and Acceptor Specificity of Exo- and Endo-type Cellulases

Transglycosylation Reaction and Acceptor Specificity of Exo- and Endo-type Cellulases

The Biochemistry and Structural Biology of Plant Cell Wall Deconstruction

Pattern of Deposition of Cell Wall Polysaccharides and Transcript Abundance of Related Cell Wall Synthesis Genes during Differentiation in Barley Endosperm

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