Finite Element and Vulnerability Analyses of a Building Failure due to Landslide in Kaithakunda, Kerala, India

Abstract

Rainfall-induced landslide is one of the major natural disasters in the Western Ghats of India. Kerala state in southern India received unprecedented heavy rainfall from July to August 2018. The rainfall received was higher than the average for the past 100 years. The present study discusses the investigation of vertical cut failure at Kaithakunda, located in Malappuram district, Kerala, India. It was due to the series of medium rainfall followed by a short period of extremely heavy rainfall. The heavy rainfall triggered the slope failure, which led to the damage of the building and the death of three residents of the building. The index and engineering properties of the soil were evaluated from the laboratory tests. The tests revealed that the soil was silty sand (SM) with low permeability. Tests on the mineral composition and microstructure fabric nature of the soil revealed that the soil was formed due to the weathering action of the parent charnockite rock. The finite element analysis of the slope was carried out using PLAXIS 3D. The analysis was carried out in two stages. The original slope before the vertical cut was modelled as the first stage. The vertical cut was modelled in the second stage to study the actual site condition before failure. The failure occurs due to the increase in pore water pressure in the soil, thereby reducing the matric suction and shear strength of the soil. The vulnerability of the building located near the cut slope is studied using the Support Vector Method to investigate the effect of material on the failure. The results showed the importance of the material properties in the increase of building resistance to 20%.

Investigation and Slope Improvement of Landslides on Bodor River Slopes

“…In Table 4, the soil on the Bodor River slope has a liquid limit value of 29.503%, a plastic limit of 29.21%, and a plasticity index of 0.482%. Referring to Table 3, this soil is classified as nonplastic soil with the potential for landslides because it can only bind a few particles, so it is susceptible to movement when exposed to significant pressure [35]. Based on previous research in Table 5, sandy soil has a low plastic index value of 8.9, which has the potential for landslides.…”

Numerical study on landslide dynamic process and its impact damage prediction to brick-concrete buildings, a case from Fenghuang street landslide in Shaanxi, China

“…Luo et al simulated the flow dynamics of a landslide and its impact on reinforced concrete buildings through the explicit time integral analysis of LSDYNA (Luo et al, 2019;Luo et al, 2021), and considered the damage to buildings under three landslide strength levels. Andrewwinner used PLAXIS 3D finite element software to model the original slope and vertical cutting of the slope, analyzed the actual situation of the site prior to its failure, studied the vulnerability of buildings near the slope by using the support vector method, and analyzed the impact of materials on their failure (Andrewwinner et al, 2022).…”

Gambaran Sifat Fisik Dan Mekanik Tanah Di Kecamatan Kauman Kabupaten Tulungagung

“…Dari Tabel 4 dan Gambar 5 diperoleh nilai kadar air optimum 34.93% dan berat volume kering maksimum 1,38 gr/cm3. Dari hasil pengujian kuat geser menghasilkan nilai kohesi sebesar 2,532 KPa dan Sudut geser sebesar 17,391 derajat, nilai ini tergolong rendah(Andrewwinner & Chandrasekaran, 2022).…”