Finite Element Model of a High-Stature Male Pedestrian for Simulating Car-to-Pedestrian Collisions

Pak, Wansoo; Meng, Yanmei; Schap, Jeremy M.; Koya, Bharath; Gayzik, Scott; Untaroiu, Costin D.

doi:10.1007/s12239-019-0042-7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Bone fracture and soft tissue rupture were simulated using element elimination based on strain failure criteria from the M50-O GHBMC model. 15,43,50,51…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A detailed finite element model of a mid-sized male for the investigation of traffic pedestrian accidents

Grindle

Pak

Guleyupoglu

et al. 2020

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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The pedestrian is one of the most vulnerable road users and comprises approximately 23% of the road crash-related fatalities in the world. To protect pedestrians during Car-to-Pedestrian Collisions (CPC), subsystem impact tests are used in regulations. These tests provide insight but cannot characterize the complex vehicle-pedestrian interaction. The main purpose of this study was to develop and validate a detailed pedestrian Finite Element (FE) model corresponding to a 50th percentile male to predict CPC induced injuries. The model geometry was reconstructed using a multi-modality protocol from medical images and exterior scan data corresponding to a mid-sized male volunteer. To investigate injury response, this model included internal organs, muscles and vessels. The lower extremity, shoulder and upper body of the model were validated against Post Mortem Human Surrogate (PMHS) test data in valgus bending, and lateral/anterior-lateral blunt impacts, respectively. The whole-body pedestrian model was validated in CPC simulations using a mid-sized sedan and simplified generic vehicles bucks and previously unpublished PMHS coronal knee angle data. In the component validations, the responses of the FE model were mostly within PMHS test corridors and in whole body validations the kinematic and injury responses predicted by the model showed similar trends to PMHS test data. Overall, the detailed model showed higher biofidelity, especially in the upper body regions, compared to a previously reported simplified pedestrian model, which recommends using it in future pedestrian automotive safety research.

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“…Bone fracture and soft tissue rupture were simulated using element elimination based on strain failure criteria from the M50-O GHBMC model. 15,43,50,51…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A detailed finite element model of a mid-sized male for the investigation of traffic pedestrian accidents

Grindle

Pak

Guleyupoglu

et al. 2020

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…GHBMC pedestrian models come in two versions: a detailed pedestrian (P) and a simplified pedestrian (PS). Currently, GHBMC pedestrian models are: a 6-yearold child model (6YO-PS) [100]; an average-sized male model (M50-P/ M50-PS) [174,175]; a small-sized female model (F05-P/ F05-PS) [121]; a large-size male model (M95-P/ M95-PS) [120]. The geometry of the M50-P model was obtained by upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of a specimen in standing posture.…”

Section: Families Of Finite Element Pedestrian Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple teams of researchers reported component-level validation simulations of their FE pedestrian models [56,57,87,100,120,175,192]. Below is a selection of component-level validation configurations, based on [87,192], is given:…”

Section: Component-level Validation Of Finite Element Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Approaches to Pedestrian Impact Simulation with Human Body Models: A Review

Wdowicz

Ptak

2023

Arch Computat Methods Eng

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The review paper discusses numerical human body models of pedestrians. The background of current trends in physical and mathematical pedestrian research is presented. Development, validation and areas of application of pedestrian body models are described. The differences between multibody models and finite element models are presented. Accident-based and experimental approaches to validation of the models are discussed. As a novelty, this paper presents an overview of multibody models used in forensic investigations, discusses their usefulness, and differences between their design and the design of more advanced multibody and finite element models. Finally, the most recent trends in human body modelling are discussed, including open-source approaches to model distribution and replacement of physical tests by digital simulations.

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“…The model employs an active neck muscle controller to represent human reflexes during whiplash induced rearimpact. The FEM was also used by several authors to develop pedestrian humanoid models which simulate the behaviour of pedestrian-vehicle crashes, see Howard et al [65], Pak et al [66] and Meng et al [67]. Detailed FE models of a pedestrian replicate the anthropometry of a human head and legs and proved to be useful for predicting head and leg injuries in pedestrian collision scenarios.…”

Section: Finite Element Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical models for assessment of vehicle crashworthiness: a review

Noorsumar

Rogovchenko

Robbersmyr

et al. 2021

International Journal of Crashworthiness

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This article reviews approaches to mathematical modeling of a vehicle crash. The growing focus on vehicle and occupant safety in car crashes has triggered the need to study vehicle crashworthiness in the initial stages of vehicle development. The major motivation for this work is to support vehicle crashworthiness design during the product development process.The article is divided into two parts; the first one overviews existing mathematical models used to solve engineering problems. The second part describes modeling strategies applied for replicating non-linear vehicle crash event and occupant kinematics in an occupant protection loadcase. We also highlight alternative modeling strategies using hybrid modeling techniques aimed at the improvement of the vehicle development process.

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Finite Element Model of a High-Stature Male Pedestrian for Simulating Car-to-Pedestrian Collisions

Cited by 14 publications

References 29 publications

A detailed finite element model of a mid-sized male for the investigation of traffic pedestrian accidents

A detailed finite element model of a mid-sized male for the investigation of traffic pedestrian accidents

Numerical Approaches to Pedestrian Impact Simulation with Human Body Models: A Review

Mathematical models for assessment of vehicle crashworthiness: a review

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