Finite element modelling of an Al–Mn alloy by equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE)

Stable and Unstable Flow in Materials Processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing with an Emphasis on Magnesium Alloys

“…Nevertheless, this ideal distribution of strain may be influenced by additional factors, including the overall material behavior or variations in the die geometry and pressing conditions. Several reports have used FEM to analyze the distribution of strain within the billet and the influence of various die configurations and processing parameters, for example, the following: the external arc of curvature at the intersection of the channels, [10][11][12][13][14][15] the internal die angle, [12,13,[16][17][18] the role of frictional effects, [16,17,19] and the presence of a back pressure. [20][21][22] In addition, FEM was also used to analyze the distribution of strain in multiple passes of ECAP, either when an individual billet is pressed repetitively through the die [21,23] or when the billet is pressed through a die having more than one intersection of channels.…”

“…[24,25] It is well established that pressing through dies with an external curvature at the intersection of the channels leads to a general inhomogeneity in the distribution of strain within the cross section of the billet. [8,10,11,13,15] Specifically, the modeling shows that the amount of strain imposed along the bottom of the billet is lower than at the top of the billet. The material behavior also affects the flow in ECAP.…”

Equal Channel Angular Pressing Die Outer Corner Angle Influence on Flow and Strain Homogeneity

“…1) in the flow plane of the deformed samples. To analyze the strain homogeneity, most of the earlier studies [10,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]25,26] considered only the effective strain variation across the width of the samples in the flow plane. The combination of shear and effective strain variations in a single plot gives the most useful information regarding the deformation behavior, stress-strain states, and thus the strain homogeneity.…”

“…The influence of channel angle on deformation behavior and strain distribution was extensively studied through realistic experiments, [6,7] finite element and physical modelings [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] for a range of channel angles. The influence of outer corner angle on deformation behavior was also widely studied through FEM, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] physical modeling, [9,24,27] and realistic experiments. [26][27][28] However, most of the physical modeling and realistic experiments were limited to the effect of two outer corner angles.…”

“…ied through FEM, [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] physical modeling, [9,24,27] and realistic experiments. [26][27][28] However, most of the physical modeling and realistic experiments were limited to the effect of two outer corner angles.…”