Finite element modelling study to explore the possibilities of ultrasonic gas flow measurement in wet-gas applications

Ramadas, Sivaram Nishal; Harvey, G.; Tweedie, Andrew

doi:10.1109/ultsym.2016.7728420

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…where V g is the gas phase volume flow, v avg is the cross section average of gas, v up is the upper channel velocity, v mid is the middle channel velocity, s is the cross sectional area of the pipeline, and α is the void fraction. According to formula (5), it is necessary to determine v up , v mid and v avg to establish a gas velocity measurement model. v up and v mid can be obtained by the method proposed in section 3.…”

Section: Acquisition Of Cross Section Average Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results show that the channel layout of the UFM has a significant impact on the measurement accuracy of wet gas [4]. In 2016, Ramadas proposed that the ultrasonic probe surface covered by liquid is a significant limiting factor of wet gas measurement by UFMs [5]. In 2020, Murakawa et al used the clamp-on UFM combined with the time of flight (TOF) method to measure the gas velocity within the working conditions of v sl from 0.0023 m s −1 to 0.01 m s −1 , v sg from 11.7 m s −1 to 30.2 m s −1 , and humidity fraction from 0% to 23%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of ultrasonic flowmeter for wet gas measurement

Zheng¹,

Zhai²,

Wang³

2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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When ultrasonic flowmeter is applied in wet gas measurement, the ultrasonic signal attenuate and fluctuate strongly because of liquid film and droplets in gas. It is hard to obtain the accurate time of flight of ultrasound. Besides, gas velocity distribution on pipe cross-section changes with different flow pattern, which is difficult to determine the measurement model. In order to solve these problems, a dual-channel ultrasonic flowmeter is specially designed and measurement system is built. Then, a dynamic threshold method based on statistical average signal amplitude is proposed to obtain time of flight of ultrasound in wet gas. Combined with the classical void fraction model, the wet gas velocity measurement model for the dual-channel ultrasonic flowmeter is established based on neural network. Finally, experiments are carried out on DN50 wet gas device, where pressure is 0.1MPa, gas superficial velocity is 5m/s-20m/s and liquid volume fraction is 0.2%-5%. The results show that the average relative error of gas velocity is 0.52% and the maximum relative uncertainty is 0.491%.

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Section: Acquisition Of Cross Section Average Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of ultrasonic flowmeter for wet gas measurement

Zheng¹,

Zhai²,

Wang³

2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…They used a commercial ultrasonic flowmeter where the sensors were in direct contact with the flow field. Ramadas et al (2016) investigated the wetness effect on gas flow measurements. Kurniadi and Trisnobudi (2006) developed a method to measure the two-dimensional velocity profiles of gas flows using ultrasonic tomography based on the transit time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter

Murakawa

Ichimura

Shimada

et al. 2020

Mechanical Engineering Journal

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Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter Abstract Energy management in industrial plants requires measurements of the steam flow rates at each usage location. A clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter can be used to effectively measure the steam flow rates in existing pipes. An ultrasonic flowmeter is used to calculate the transit time of ultrasonic signals between the downstream and upstream sensors, which is affected by the line-averaged velocity along the ultrasonic beam. The intensity of the transmitted ultrasonic signal is crucial for measuring the steam flow rate using the clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter. The authors focused on the effects of the ultrasonic incident angle on the transmitted ultrasonic signal intensity in steam flow. Ultrasonic transmission experiments were carried out on three pipes (SGP 25A, SGP 50A and SGP 80A) filled with stationary nitrogen, and the transit time in steam flow was measured on SGP 80A pipe by changing the ultrasonic incident angle. The pipes are made of carbon steel and generally used for the steam flow. The results indicate that the appropriate incident angle that allowed the maximum transmitted signal intensity differed depending on the thickness of the pipe wall. Furthermore, a good agreement with the critical angles of the zero-order of symmetric mode in Lamb waves was noted. Thus, the propagated ultrasonic waves can be considered Lamb waves, which increase signal intensity. The transmitted signal intensity decreases because of the turbulent dissipation as the steam velocity increases. Appropriately setting the incident angle depending on the wall thickness, particularly for higher steam flow rates, is essential for evaluating the transit time difference between upstream and downstream transducers.

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“…Furthermore, some researchers have turned their attention to the application of the ultrasonic flow meters in wet gas. Ramadas presented a finite element study with regard to fundamentally understood ultrasonic transit-time metering principles of wet-gas measurement applications [17]. However, it is not known how the header affects the accuracy of ultrasonic flow meter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CFD simulation for the ultrasonic flow meter with a header

Liu

Tan²,

Peng

2017

Teh. vjesn.

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Original scientific paper Ultrasonic flow meter has been used in natural gas metering for many years, however, the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic flow meter is affected by the header, which leads to non-perfect fluid state in the flow meter. The objective of this research is to discuss the issues of dual-path ultrasonic flowmeter with a header. Computer fluid dynamic (CFD) method is used to simulate standard turbulent model. It is found that the flow state in the downstream is distorted by the header with secondary turbulence, swirl etc., and the velocity distribution of the gas is asymmetric; the farther the distance between the ultrasonic flow meter and the header, the smaller the distortion and the simulation error. When the downstream straight pipe length is greater than 27 − D (Diameter), the flow state will be steady. With the same diameter of the header, the shorter the meter header the greater the distortion of the gas in the downstream pipe. With the same length of the header, the smaller the diameter, the greater the distortion of the gas in the downstream. These results have a great guiding significance in the optimal design of the flow meter installation structure. Keywords: Pipe manifold; Ultrasonic flow meter; Measurement performance; Indication error CFD simulacija za ultrazvučni mjerač protoka sa zaglavljemIzvorni znanstveni članak Ultrazvučni mjerač protoka koristi se u mjerenju prirodnog plina dugi niz godina, međutim, na mjernu točnost ultrazvučnog mjerača protoka utječe zaglavlje, što dovodi do nespretnog fluidnog stanja u mjeraču protoka. Cilj ovog istraživanja je raspraviti pitanja dvostruke staze ultrazvučnih mjerača protoka sa zaglavljem. Dinamička metoda računalne tekućine (CFD) je korištena za simulaciju standardnog turbulentnog modela. Nađeno je da je stanje protoka u nizvodnom smjeru izobličeno zaglavljem sa sekundarnom turbulencijom, vrtloženjem itd., a brzina distribucije plina je asimetrična; što je dalje udaljenost između ultrazvučnog mjerača protoka i zaglavlja, to je manja iskrivljenost i simulacijska pogreška. Kada je nizvodno ravna duljina cijevi veća od 27 − D (promjer), stanje protoka će biti stabilno. S istim promjerom zaglavlja, što je kraći mjerač glave, to je veća deformacija plina u nizvodnoj cijevi. S istom duljinom zaglavlja, manji je promjer, ali je veća deformacija plina u nizvodnom smjeru. Ti rezultati imaju veliko značenje u optimalnom dizajnu instalacije mjerača protoka.

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Finite element modelling study to explore the possibilities of ultrasonic gas flow measurement in wet-gas applications

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Design of ultrasonic flowmeter for wet gas measurement

Design of ultrasonic flowmeter for wet gas measurement

Effect of incident angle on ultrasonic transmission in steam flow for use with clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter

A CFD simulation for the ultrasonic flow meter with a header

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