Finite element simulation of head impacts in mixed martial arts

Tiernan, Stephen; Meagher, Aidan; O’Sullivan, David; O’Kelly, Eoin

doi:10.1080/10255842.2020.1826457

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar results were found in MMA athletes where knockouts resulting in transient LOC were overwhelmingly due to rotation of the head ( Fogarty et al, 2019 ). Tiernan et al (2021) found that the best strain indicator for concussion is the corpus callosum where concussed MMA athletes had 87.9% higher strain values than uninjured athletes. Furthermore, it was discovered that shear stress measured in the corpus callosum is the best predictor for concussion.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A brief descriptive outline of the rules of mixed martial arts and concussion in mixed martial arts

Hamdan¹,

Rath²,

Sayoc³

et al. 2022

J Exerc Rehabil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mixed martial arts (MMA), a combat sport consisting of wrestling, box-ing, and martial arts, is a popular activity associated with danger and vi-olence. Of concern are the repetitive head impacts, both subconcussive and concussive, sustained by MMA athletes. The rules of MMA en-courage head strikes, but there was no formal concussion protocol in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) until 2021. Because the UFC was established less than 30 years, the long-term consequences of these repetitive concussive head blows are lacking. In this review, we focus on current literature sought to summarize the current knowledge of repetitive head impacts and concussions in MMA. The objectives were to outline (a) the rules of MMA; (b) the postconcussion protocol for UFC athletes; (c) current behavioral and biochemical diagnostic measures; (d) epidemiology and prevalence of concussion in MMA; (e) long-term effects of subconcussive repetitive head impacts; (f) biome-chanics of head impacts; and (g) considerations and research topics that warrant future research.

show abstract

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Within MMA specifically, head impact biomechanics are not as well known. However, strain and shear stress in the brain have been documented in MMA athletes, with variation between weight classes, as well as within specific regions of the brain ( Khatib et al, 2021 ; Tiernan et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief descriptive outline of the rules of mixed martial arts and concussion in mixed martial arts

Hamdan¹,

Rath²,

Sayoc³

et al. 2022

J Exerc Rehabil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consequently, a possible increase in rotational acceleration (RA) is a strong predictor for traumatic brain injury (TBI) [50]. Tiernan et al [51] reported 541 impacts confirmed over 30 events and found that striking the opponent on the side of the head was associated with concussive injuries [45]. Seeking to improve the prevention of neural damage, whether pre-or post-fight, Matuk et al [52] explored the feasibility of analysing extracellular vesicles as an analysis tool, finding that the method was able to differentiate more severe injury mechanisms and methods (knockout or technical knockout by punches or kicks) through gene expression [52].…”

Section: Weight Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory Systematic Review of Mixed Martial Arts: An Overview of Performance of Importance Factors with over 20,000 Athletes

Bueno

Faro

Lenetsky

et al. 2022

Sports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review aimed to analyze the findings in the literature related to Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) through an exploratory systematic review and to present the state of the art from a multifactorial perspective. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement, with a search performed in the Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Participants were competitive athletes (amateurs or professionals) of regional, national, or international levels. Of the 2763 registries identified, 112 studies met the eligibility criteria. The pooled sample size and age were 20,784 participants, with a mean age of 27.7 ± 6 years for male and 28.9 ± 3 years for female, with the vast majority of athletes being male (94.9%). MMA athletes were 17.2% amateurs, 73.8% professionals, and 9% were not reported. The scientific literature related to MMA reported injuries (n = 28), weight loss (n = 21), technical and tactical analysis (n = 23), physical fitness (n = 8), physiological responses and training characteristics (n = 13), psychobiological parameters (n = 12), and interventions applied to MMA athletes (n = 7). Therefore, this exploratory systematic review presents practitioners and researchers with seven broad summaries of each facet of performance of importance in this population of athletes.

show abstract

“…Numerical simulation studies have been used to investigate how the presence of a mouthguard is able to prevent injuries to the teeth and the facial bones [ 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 19 ]. Therefore, three-dimensional modeling might be useful to demonstrate qualitative and quantitative effects of mouthguard usage, since it enables the prediction of stresses/strains and their distribution during a traumatic (sport) impact [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical Behavior Evaluation of a Novel Hybrid Occlusal Splint-Mouthguard for Contact Sports: 3D-FEA

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Orofacial injuries are common occurrences during contact sports activities. However, there is an absence of data regarding the performance of hybrid occlusal splint mouthguards (HMG), especially during compressive loading. This study amid to evaluate the biomechanical effects of wearing a conventional custom mouthguard (MG) or the HMG on the teeth, bone, and the device itself. Methods: To evaluate the total deformation and stress concentration, a skull model was selected and duplicated to receive two different designs of mouthguard device: one model received a MG with 4-mm thickness and the other received a novel HMG with the same thickness. Both models were subdivided into finite elements. The frictionless contacts were used, and a nonlinear analysis was performed simulating the compressive loading in occlusion. Results: The results were presented in von-Mises stress maps (MPa) and total deformation (mm). A higher stress concentration in teeth was observed for the model with the conventional MG, while the HMG design displayed a promising mechanical response with lower stress magnitude. The HMG design displayed a higher magnitude of stress on its occlusal portion (7.05 MPa) than the MG design (6.19 MPa). Conclusion: The hybrid mouthguard (HMG) reduced (1) jaw displacement during chewing and (2) the generated stresses in maxillary and mandibular teeth.

show abstract

Finite element simulation of head impacts in mixed martial arts

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

A brief descriptive outline of the rules of mixed martial arts and concussion in mixed martial arts

A brief descriptive outline of the rules of mixed martial arts and concussion in mixed martial arts

Exploratory Systematic Review of Mixed Martial Arts: An Overview of Performance of Importance Factors with over 20,000 Athletes

Biomechanical Behavior Evaluation of a Novel Hybrid Occlusal Splint-Mouthguard for Contact Sports: 3D-FEA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About