Finite-size analysis of continuous variable source-independent quantum random number generation

Zhang, Junyu; Zhang, Yichen; Zheng, Ziyong; Chen, Ziyang; Xu, Bingjie; Yu, Song

doi:10.1007/s11128-020-02936-7

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It should be noted that the security of the EGS-and EUPbased protocols has been verified, and we find that a tighter extractable randomness value will be obtained when we apply the EUP for randomness evaluation. What's more, accurate evaluation requires a great amount of samples; a practical system with limited computing resources is not able to support such a demand, which comes to the problem of finite size effect [9]. Further analysis should be performed to evaluate the impacts of finite size effect with smaller data size when considering the LO fluctuation.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Continuous-variable source-independent quantum random number generators (CV-SI-QRNGs), as the most possible way to obtain true random numbers with untrustworthy entropy source [1][2][3], have achieved significant progress in theoretical analysis [4][5][6] and experimental implementations [7][8][9] recently. They generate true random numbers, even if the random source may be totally controlled by Eve, by trusting analysis based on homodyne-based CV-SI-QRNG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eavesdropping attack on a continuous-variable source-independent quantum random number generator with fluctuating local oscillator

Zhou¹,

Zheng²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

Self Cite

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In the practical continuous-variable source-independent quantum random number generator, it is usually necessary to introduce a local oscillator to amplify the received quantum signal due to its weak intensity. However, the intensity fluctuation of the local oscillator itself will lead to a deviation in evaluating the randomness without monitoring the local oscillator in real time and calibrating each output measurement, which will inevitably open a loophole for the eavesdropper to intercept the information of generated random numbers. Here, we present an eavesdropping attack utilizing this loophole. The results of numerical simulation indicate that when the proposed eavesdropping attack is performed, the evaluated extractable randomness value will be compromised severely, which will impact the communication security under the practical conditions. Meanwhile, we analyze the effects of practical imperfections in the presence of local oscillator fluctuation. Taking this as a reference, we may consider how to perfect the experimental system in practice and how to deal with this kind of eavesdropping attack.

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eavesdropping attack on a continuous-variable source-independent quantum random number generator with fluctuating local oscillator

Zhou¹,

Zheng²,

Huang³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on these criteria according to the sampling method used, there are 5 sample companies to be studied. (Cole, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data processing is using EViews 9 software. The goal is to test the significance of the independent -dependent variables (Cole, 2021;Zhang et al, 2021), it namely a Panel data. While, testing the hypothesis (Balsalobre-Lorente, Driha, Bekun, & Adedoyin, 2020; Pata & Caglar, 2021), this studied is using Panel data regression model (Bernasconi et al, 2021).…”

Section: -Dependent Variable (Variable Y): Pbvmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of ROE on the PBV of Toll Road, Airport, Port, and Sub-Sector Companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Andy¹,

Hengky²

2021

jmr

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This research has been conducting before and during the Covid 19 pandemic and aims to test the effect of the Return on Equity (ROE) to the Price Book Value (PBV) of toll road subsector’s companies, airports, and the like on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (ISE) for 6 years in Indonesia. This type of research uses quantitative research and is equipped with verification with an explanatory survey method. The sampling method used a purposive. It took from five sample companies. Data analysis in this study used panel data regression with the results: The results of this study indicate that ROE has a strong effect on firm value.

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“…Among SDI-QRNG schemes, source-independent (SI) QRNG has gathered lots of attention [31][32][33] . With reasonable assumptions that measurement devices are well-calibrated and the source is untrusted, the SI-QRNG can generate secure random numers and achieve considerable random number generation rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Source-Independent Quantum Random Number Generator Based on a Cloud Superconducting Quantum Computer

Y¹,

WANG²,

Y³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Quantum random number generator (QRNG) relies on the intrinsic randomness of quantum mechanics to produce true random numbers which are important in information processing tasks. Due to the presence of the superposition state, quantum computer can be used as a true random number generator. However, in practice, the implementation of quantum computer is subject to various noise sources which affect the randomness of the generated random numbers. To solve this problem, we propose a source-independent QRNG (SI-QRNG) scheme based on quantum computer which is motivated by the SI-QRNG scheme in quantum optics. The scheme can provide certified randomness by estimating the preparation error of superposition states in real time even when the source is untrusted, under the assumption that the measurement operation is trusted. Our analysis takes into account the readout error of quantum state and further gives the final extracted number of random bits. And the estimation method of preparation error of superposition state in randomness source. We also provide a parameter optimization method to increase the generation rate of random bits. In addition, by utilizing the cloud superconducting quantum computer of IBM, we experimentally demonstrate the practicality of our SI-QRNG scheme and achieve the generation of true random numbers.

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Finite-size analysis of continuous variable source-independent quantum random number generation

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Eavesdropping attack on a continuous-variable source-independent quantum random number generator with fluctuating local oscillator

Eavesdropping attack on a continuous-variable source-independent quantum random number generator with fluctuating local oscillator

The Effect of ROE on the PBV of Toll Road, Airport, Port, and Sub-Sector Companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange

Real-Time Source-Independent Quantum Random Number Generator Based on a Cloud Superconducting Quantum Computer

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