Fire Behavior and Fire Protection in Timber Buildings

Асеева, Р. М.; Serkov, Boris; Sivenkov, Andrey

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7460-5

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…where γ is the parameter controlling the radiation heat transfer across pores [7,13,22]. The pore diameter (d p ), permeability (K), and the parameter controlling the radiation heat transfer across pores (γ) are calculated using equations 6 (17), (18), and (19), respectively, which were obtained from [7,22,23]:…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational study of the effects of density, fuel content, and moisture content on smoldering propagation of cellulose and hemicellulose mixtures

Mulky

Niemeyer

2019

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Smoldering combustion plays an important role in forest and wildland fires. Fires from smoldering combustion can last for long periods of time, emit more pollutants, and be difficult to extinguish. This makes the study of smoldering in woody fuels and forest duff important. Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are the major constituents in these type of fuels, in different proportions for different fuels. In this paper, we developed a 1-D model using the open-source software Gpyro to study the smoldering combustion of cellulose and hemicellulose mixtures. We first validated our simulations against experimentally obtained values of propagation speed for mixtures with fuel compositions including 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% cellulose, with the remaining proportion of hemicellulose. Then, we studied the effects of varying fuel composition, density, and moisture content on smoldering combustion. We find that propagation speed of smoldering increased with decreases in density and increases in hemicellulose content, which we attribute to the role of oxygen diffusion. Propagation speed increased with moisture content for pure cellulose up to a certain limiting value, after which the propagation speed dropped by up to 70%. The mean peak temperature of smoldering increased with increases in hemicellulose content and density, and decreased with increasing moisture content.

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Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational study of the effects of density, fuel content, and moisture content on smoldering propagation of cellulose and hemicellulose mixtures

Mulky

Niemeyer

2019

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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“…Research shows the exposure to dangerous smoke fumes presents a greater threat to the inhabitants than a direct exposure to heat. In 80% of cases, the poisoning by toxic combustion products is the main cause for fire-related fatalities (Aseeva et al 2014). Clearly, the smouldering of timber is a key factor, as during the process of combustion some of the most dangerous gases are produced (e.g., carbon monoxide).…”

Section: Fire Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, coated timber can withstand in the fire longer since it needs higher temperatures to ignite. Timber coupled with fire retardants is classified as a moderately hazardous material at low heat flow intensity (Aseeva et al 2014).…”

Section: Fire Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-based Building Skin

Sandak

Sandak²,

Brzezicki

et al. 2019

Environmental Footprints and Eco-Design of Products and Processes

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This series aims to broadly cover all the aspects related to environmental assessment of products, development of environmental and ecological indicators and eco-design of various products and processes. Below are the areas fall under the aims and scope of this series, but not limited to: Environmental Life Cycle Assessment; Social Life Cycle Assessment; Organizational and Product Carbon Footprints; Ecological, Energy and Water Footprints; Life cycle costing; Environmental and sustainable indicators; Environmental impact assessment methods and tools; Eco-design (sustainable design) aspects and tools; Biodegradation studies; Recycling; Solid waste management; Environmental and social audits; Green Purchasing and tools; Product environmental footprints; Environmental management standards and regulations; Eco-labels; Green Claims and green washing; Assessment of sustainability aspects.

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“…Thermal decomposition of timber materials is followed by emission of volatile substances and solid particles. In the atmosphere, solids form smoke aerosol, and the most intense solids emission from the timber surface is observed at glowing [5][6][7][8]. At timber materials combustion and at other fire loading, fumigation of evacuation passages causes people disorientation, and also poisoning with fire toxic thermal decomposition products [9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Smoke-Generation Ability of Construction Timber

Pokrovskaya

Portnov

2016

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. The problem of reduction of smoke-generation ability for construction timber is of high importance as the smokes and toxic combustion products generating in the course of these materials burning are one of the most dangerous fire factors which threaten life and health of people. According to data presented by Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, rate of mortality due to smoke and toxic combustion gases is more than 70% of total number of people deaths in fires. In this paper, influence of phosphorus-containing modifiers to smoke-generation ability of timber, and also dependence of smokegeneration ability on chemical reactivity of the modifier in interaction with timber has been studied. The problem on fumigation at construction timber burning can be solved by development of chemical compositions efficiently reacting with the surface layer of the timber so that diffusion of solid carbonaceous particles from the timber surface into atmosphere decreases.The problem of reduction of smoke-generation ability for construction timber is of high importance [1][2][3][4][5] as the smokes and toxic combustion products generating in the course of these materials burning are one of the most dangerous fire factors which threaten life and health of people. Thermal decomposition of timber materials is followed by emission of volatile substances and solid particles. In the atmosphere, solids form smoke aerosol, and the most intense solids emission from the timber surface is observed at glowing [5][6][7][8]. At timber materials combustion and at other fire loading, fumigation of evacuation passages causes people disorientation, and also poisoning with fire toxic thermal decomposition products [9][10][11]. At the moment, solution of problem on fumigation of evacuation passages comes down to the use of automatic smoke removal systems, and the issues of reduction of smoke-generation ability for construction materials is poorly understood. According to data presented by Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation, rate of mortality due to smoke and toxic combustion gases is more than 70% of total number of people deaths in fires. In this regard decrease in smoke-generating ability of construction timber is an important factor of people death risk decrease in the fire. Also, it is important to study these issues in the frame of complex reduction of fire-dangerous properties of timber. Efficient fire retardants for construction timber are structures on the basis of organicphosphorous compositions [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].

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Fire Behavior and Fire Protection in Timber Buildings

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Computational study of the effects of density, fuel content, and moisture content on smoldering propagation of cellulose and hemicellulose mixtures

Computational study of the effects of density, fuel content, and moisture content on smoldering propagation of cellulose and hemicellulose mixtures

Bio-based Building Skin

Reduction of Smoke-Generation Ability of Construction Timber

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