Fire effects on diversity patterns of the understory communities of Araucaria-Nothofagus forests

Arroyo-Vargas, Paola; Holz, Andrés; Veblen, Thomas T.

doi:10.1007/s11258-022-01247-4

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Some changes will arise from climate-driven alterations to different dimensions of fire regimes, such as increases in severity that are governed by the combination of fire behavior and fire-adaptive (or sensitive) plant traits (Franco et al 2022). Other changes will emerge when shifting fire regimes interact with key demographic and community dynamics pre-fire (Agne et al 2022;Gosper et al 2022;Souto-Veiga et al 2022) and post-fire (Arroyo-Vargas et al 2022;Dawe et al 2022;Brehaut and Brown 2022); some occurring over evolutionary time scales (Lamont 2022;Ladd et al 2022). Finally, some changes will emerge as surprising outcomes from disturbances interacting in a linked (Lindenmayer et al 2022) or compound (Bendall et al 2022) manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beyond being an indicator of change, post-fire plant communities can also contribute to important feedback mechanisms that can accelerate changes to fire regimes (Tepley et al 2018). For example, in Chile, Auraucaria-Nothofagus forests that experienced high-severity fire were characterized by post-fire plant communities dominated by resprouting species and more flammable taxa than present pre-fire (Arroyo-Vargas et al 2022;this issue). Such feedbacks of severe fire begetting more flammable post-fire vegetation are especially important to understand as climate constraints to fire are lessened in a warmer future, and can enable better forecasting of where disturbance interactions may hasten ecosystem transitions (Lindenmayer et al 2011;Tepley et al 2018).…”

Section: Demographic Mechanisms Underpinning Resilience To Firementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, contrasting outcomes of post-fire interactions among plant species may shift in a warming climate-with important implications for ecosystem transitions (Brehaut and Brown 2022). For example, in some contexts, post-fire dominance by flammable woody shrubs can lead to decreased dominance of trees via competition (Harvey and Holzman 2014) or feedbacks to future fires (Tepley et al 2018;Arroyo-Vargas et al 2022), whereas in other contexts shrubs can facilitate tree establishment under harsh post-fire climate conditions (Werner et al 2019). How competitive vs facilitate outcomes vary along stress gradients has been explored in many contexts (Maestre et al 2009), and incorporation into post-fire studies could add important insight into shifting post-fire plant community dynamics in the future.…”

Section: Altered Post-fire Outcomes In a Shifting Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change and altered fire regimes: impacts on plant populations, species, and ecosystems in both hemispheres

Harvey

Enright

2022

Plant Ecol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demographic Mechanisms Underpinning Resilience To Firementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Altered Post-fire Outcomes In a Shifting Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate change and altered fire regimes: impacts on plant populations, species, and ecosystems in both hemispheres

Harvey

Enright

2022

Plant Ecol

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“…Los incendios producen pulsos cortos de liberación de nitrógeno del suelo, mientras que el fósforo, el potasio o la materia orgánica son menos afectados por el fuego (Fuentes-Ramírez et al 2022). A su vez, los incendios recurrentes y severos reducen la diversidad de plantas, favorecen a las especies rebrotantes típicas de bosques y matorrales más secos y promueven la invasión de flora exótica invasora, afectando la biodiversidad en el largo plazo (Arroyo-Vargas et al 2022).…”

Section: Los Incendios En La Región Del Pewén Y La Respuesta Del Ecos...unclassified

Información científica clave para la gestión y conservación del ecosistema biocultural del Pewén en Chile y Argentina

Sanguinetti,

Ditgen,

Donoso-Calderón

et al. 2023

Bosque (Valdivia)

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The forest of Araucaria araucana ("pewen" in Mapuche language), with its associated species of the genus Nothofagus, is unique from an evolutionary, biological and sociocultural point of view. Due to the interdependence and interrelation with the Mapuche-Pewenche people, it is considered a biocultural ecosystem. This work is a comprehensive binational review of current scientific information applicable to its management and conservation. The scientific community contributed with significant advances in the knowledge of: a) the interrelationships within and significance of this biocultural ecosystem; b) the regional genetic diversity; c) the fire regimen, its main drivers, its role in forest dynamics, and the recovery capacity of biodiversity in the face of different burn severities; d) the ecological role of seed production and its unusual interactions with granivorous fauna and cavity nesters; e) the decline and death of the canopy, due to environmental stress and the emergence of new pewen pathogens; f) the consequences of the invasion of pines and exotic mammals that alter the biological interactions and the original ecological processes, and g) the effects of cattle ranching and overexploitation of firewood and pine nuts on ecological integrity and biodiversity. This knowledge is considered essential to strengthen policies and strategies for protection, conservation, and management of this ecosystem, which is endemic, rare, regionally threatened, and globally declared endangered. Considering the identified problems, it is imperative to achieve social empowerment of the Mapuche-Pehuenche people, intercultural respect, and enforcing public policies for the conservation and sustainable use of these forests.

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“…Fire is the most ubiquitous disturbances throughout the temperate forest of southern South America, playing a key role in reshaping structural vegetation patterns, especially in forests dominated by Araucaria and Nothofagus spp. (Arroyo-Vargas et al, 2022;Fuentes-Ramirez et al, 2020;McWethy et al, 2018;Veblen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire–climate–human dynamics over the last 1800 years in the mesic Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests

Martel‐Cea,

Abarzúa,

González

et al. 2024

Journal of Biogeography

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AimFew palaeoenvironmental studies have been performed in Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests, which are highly vulnerable to ongoing threats from climate change and anthropogenic activities. The primary goal of this work is to reconstruct past environmental changes related to fire disturbances over the last 1800 years in Tolhuaca National Park (TNP), Chile.LocationTNP, Araucanian region (38.2°S; 71.8°W), Northwestern Patagonia, Chile.TaxaAraucaria araucana (Araucariaceae), Nothofagus spp. (Nothofagaceae).MethodsWe completed charcoal and pollen analyses to create two new palaeoecological records that span 1800 years. We compared the lake‐based reconstruction with the available local tree‐ring fire scar chronologies from the last 430 years. Using these data, we compute forest index changes, biomass burning trends and compare with estimates of archaeological radiocarbon density. We place our inferences with context of published regional palaeoclimatic proxies from the Patagonian‐Andean region.ResultsOur results showed that fire activity was higher than present between 200 and 1500 CE, with peaks around 200–400 CE and 1100–1500 CE. Periods with high fire activity are associated with reduced forest cover, as Araucaria declined when mixed‐severity fire regime occurred for extended periods. Pollen assemblages suggested a shift from dry to wet climate conditions at 1500 CE, and from 1750 CE onward, the arrival of exotic species reflected the land‐use changes related to forest clearance and transhumance practices.Main ConclusionsThe palaeoenvironmental reconstructions showed changes in vegetation, fire and climate over the past 1800 years in TNP. Wildfires have been the main disturbance process modifying the vegetation structure in the Araucaria and Nothofagus forests. Since 1750 CE intensive post‐Hispanic land‐use changes (forest clearances by fire and logging) took place in the study area, reducing the native vegetation cover. Climate variability, modulated by SAM‐like and ENSO‐like conditions, influenced the fire activity (availability and flammability of fuels), concomitantly with high archaeological density. The recent (after 2000 CE) increase of catastrophic wildfires may negatively affect the conservation strategies of Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests.

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Fire effects on diversity patterns of the understory communities of Araucaria-Nothofagus forests

Cited by 6 publications

References 98 publications

Climate change and altered fire regimes: impacts on plant populations, species, and ecosystems in both hemispheres

Climate change and altered fire regimes: impacts on plant populations, species, and ecosystems in both hemispheres

Información científica clave para la gestión y conservación del ecosistema biocultural del Pewén en Chile y Argentina

Fire–climate–human dynamics over the last 1800 years in the mesic Araucaria‐Nothofagus forests

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