FIRE II Calculations for Hypersonic Nonequilibrium Aerothermodynamics Code Verification: DPLR, LAURA, and US3D

Hash, David; Olejniczak, Joseph; Wright, Michael J.; Prabhu, Dinesh K.; Pulsonetti, Maria; Hollis, Brian R.; Gnoffo, Peter A.; Barnhardt, Michael; Nompelis, Ioannis; Candler, Graham V.

doi:10.2514/6.2007-605

Cited by 85 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The comparison between the q r -and I w (0-6) values presented in Table 3 and those presented in Table V 12 ), even though both were nonequilibrium Navier-Stokes solutions. After the completion of the present research, the study by Hash et al 37 of the uncoupled convective and radiative heating for Fire II became available to the authors. This work compared the convective heating predicted by various state-of-the-art Navier-Stokes codes.…”

Section: Uncoupled Radiative Heating For Fire IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonequilibrium Stagnation-Line Radiative Heating for Fire II

Johnston

Hollis

Sutton

2008

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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This paper presents a detailed analysis of the shock-layer radiative heating to the Fire II vehicle using a new air radiation model and a viscous shock-layer flowfield model. This new air radiation model contains the most up-to-date properties for modeling the atomic-line, atomic photoionization, molecular band, and non-Boltzmann processes. The applied viscous shock-layer flowfield analysis contains the same thermophysical properties and nonequilibrium models as the LAURA Navier-Stokes code. Radiation-flowfield coupling, or radiation cooling, is accounted for in detail in this study. It is shown to reduce the radiative heating by about 30% for the peak radiative heating points, while reducing the convective heating only slightly. A detailed review of past Fire II radiative heating studies is presented. It is observed that the scatter in the radiation predicted by these past studies is mostly a result of the different flowfield chemistry models and the treatment of the electronic state populations. The present predictions provide, on average throughout the trajectory, a better comparison with Fire II flight data than any previous study. The magnitude of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) contribution to the radiative flux is estimated from the calorimeter measurements. This is achieved using the radiometer measurements and the predicted convective heating. The VUV radiation predicted by the present model agrees well with the VUV contribution inferred from the Fire II calorimeter measurement, although only when radiation-flowfield coupling is accounted for. This agreement provides evidence that the present model accurately models the VUV radiation, which is shown to contribute significantly to the Fire II radiative heating. ν / c VUV = vacuum ultraviolet; refers to the spectral region above 6 eV Nomenclature

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Section: Uncoupled Radiative Heating For Fire IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonequilibrium Stagnation-Line Radiative Heating for Fire II

Johnston

Hollis

Sutton

2008

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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“…The electron impact ionization reaction rates of N and N2 are presented in Figs. 4 and 5, respectively, compared to values from the literature [4,10,[12][13][14][15][16]. As with the associative ionization data, there is a wide spread (almost three orders of magnitude) in the available reaction rate curves for the ionization of N, but the sampled DSMC data goes through the middle of the scatter.…”

Section: Ionizationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Extension of a Kinetic-Theory Approach for Computing Chemical-Reaction Rates to Reactions with Charged Particles

Liechty¹,

Lewis²

2011

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract.Recently introduced molecular-level chemistry models that predict equilibrium and nonequilibrium reaction rates using only kinetic theory and fundamental molecular properties (i.e., no macroscopic reaction rate information) are extended to include reactions involving charged particles and electronic energy levels. The proposed extensions include ionization reactions, exothermic associative ionization reactions, endothermic and exothermic charge exchange reactions, and other exchange reactions involving ionized species. The extensions are shown to agree favorably with the measured Arrhenius rates for near-equilibrium conditions.

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“…In the code, both the 22-reaction mechanism of LAURA and the 20-reaction mechanism of DPLR are included, with the detailed reactions given in Hash et al's paper [51]. It is assumed that translational and rotational energy modes are in equilibrium at the translation temperature (T), whereas vibration and electronic energy modes are in equilibrium at the vibration temperature (Tv).…”

Section: Development and Validation Of High-order Non-equilibrium Shomentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulations of Turbulent Flows with Strong Shocks and Density Variations

Zhong¹

2012

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FIRE II Calculations for Hypersonic Nonequilibrium Aerothermodynamics Code Verification: DPLR, LAURA, and US3D

Cited by 85 publications

References 31 publications

Nonequilibrium Stagnation-Line Radiative Heating for Fire II

Nonequilibrium Stagnation-Line Radiative Heating for Fire II

Extension of a Kinetic-Theory Approach for Computing Chemical-Reaction Rates to Reactions with Charged Particles

Simulations of Turbulent Flows with Strong Shocks and Density Variations

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