Fire Physics - Promises, Problems, And Progress

Pagni, Patrick J.

doi:10.3801/iafss.fss.2-49

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…The maximum relative differences between temperatures predicted by S 6 and S 8 are within 1% whereas the latter requires 64 discretes ordinates i.e. 1.33 times the number of directions used for S 6 . It therefore offers a good compromise between accuracy and computing effort.…”

Section: Spectral Discrete Ordinates Radiation Model (Sdom)mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Pagni's widely used glass fracture deterministic criterion [6] states that glass fracture occurs when the temperature increase in an exposed portion of the glass is sufficient to induce a pre-determined fracture (failure) stress in the framed shaded edge: (12) Where osed exp T is the averaged temperature of the exposed area, and edge framed T the temperature of the framed glass edge. The advantage of this criterion is its simplicity and it yields relatively good initial fracture time under some conditions.…”

Section: Thermal Stress and Probability Of Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pagni [6] followed up by making an analogy between glass fracture in fires and ice cracking: "a window glass breaks in fire for the same reason that an ice cube cracks when placed in liquid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the first physical process above mentioned. It is worth noting that the glass fracture's criterion employed in all these studies for framed glass in fire environment is based on Pagni's criterion [6] which states that glass fracture occurs when the temperature increase in an exposed portion of the glass is sufficient to induce a pre-determined fracture (failure) stress in the shaded framed edge. An accurate modeling of heat transfer is therefore important for a good prediction of the temperature field using the energy equation, and the subsequent calculation of thermal stresses and initial fracture time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…initiates at an edge defect [6], there is hardly any study in the literature to analyze and quantify the effect of the edge conditions on glass thermal breakage in fire conditions. This knowledge gap on edge conditions effects was underlined by Hassani et al [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal breakage of window glass in room fires conditions – Analysis of some important parameters

Dembele

Rosario

Wen

2012

Building and Environment

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In a compartment fire, the breakage and possible fallout of a window glass has a significant impact on the fire dynamics. The thermal breakage of glass depends on various parameters such as glass type, edge shading, edges conditions and constraints on the glass. The purpose of the present study is to investigate some of the key parameters affecting the thermal breakage of window glass in fire conditions using a recently developed and validated computer tool. Fallout is not within the scope of this study. Different boundary conditions of the glass pane (unconstrained and constrained) subjected to fire radiant heat are investigated. The analysis shows that to prevent glass thermal breakage, it is important to provide enough spacing between the frame and glass pane to accommodate the thermal expansion, and constraints on the glass structure should be avoided. The zones where the glass is likely to crack first are shown. The study also quantifies the effects of glass edge conditions on its thermal breakage in fire conditions; such analysis has not been reported in the literature due to its complexity and the statistical nature of edge flaws. The results show that an ordinary float glass mostly used in

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Section: Spectral Discrete Ordinates Radiation Model (Sdom)mentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Thermal Stress and Probability Of Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal breakage of window glass in room fires conditions – Analysis of some important parameters

Dembele

Rosario

Wen

2012

Building and Environment

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Cracking behavior of glazings with different thicknesses by radiant exposure

Xie

Zhang

2011

Fire and Materials

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Fourteen experiments on cracking behavior of glazings with thicknesses of 3, 6, 8, and 10 mm by radiant exposure were carried out with a new experimental apparatus. The radiant power was controlled proportional to time square to simulate a time‐squared growth fire. An infrared thermal imaging camera was employed to monitor the temperature field of the unexposed glazing surface. Other important parameters including incident heat flux, local gas temperature, exposed surface temperature, and time of the first cracking were obtained. The relationship between the cracking behavior and glazing thickness was analyzed based on the experimental results. The results show that the protected edge temperature of glazing has a considerable rise when the first cracking occurred, which should be included in further modeling. It was also shown that thicker glazings have smaller surface temperature during the heating process and induce longer time to first crack. However, the critical temperature difference approximately remains constant for all glazings studied. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Performance of a single glazing assembly exposed to a fire in the centre of an enclosure

2002

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The result of 14 experiments in which a single glazing assembly was exposed to fires of increasing severity in the centre of an enclosure are presented. The glazing assembly was exposed to a two zone fire enclosure environment with consistency and repeatability within each set of three experiments conducted at each fire severity level evident from the enclosure gas temperature profiles. The results presented include heat release rates, enclosure and local gas temperature, heat flux distribution, glass surface temperatures, shaded glass temperatures, thermally induced strains, crack bifurcation patterns and loss of integrity of the glazing assembly. Limits regarding the maximum incident heat fluxes required to cause catastrophic failure of the glazing assembly are suggested.

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Fire Physics - Promises, Problems, And Progress

Cited by 24 publications

References 93 publications

Thermal breakage of window glass in room fires conditions – Analysis of some important parameters

Thermal breakage of window glass in room fires conditions – Analysis of some important parameters

Cracking behavior of glazings with different thicknesses by radiant exposure

Performance of a single glazing assembly exposed to a fire in the centre of an enclosure

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