Fire Retardancy Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene/Ultrafine Fly Ash/MWCNT Nanocomposites

Divya, Velpula; Khan, Manzoor Ahmed; Rao, B. Nageshwar; Sailaja, R. R. N.; Vynatheya, S.; Seetharamu, S.

doi:10.1080/03602559.2016.1233253

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…From the results of Table 4, the role of nanoadditives (MWCNTs) in the fire resistance of materials is clearly recognized . Compared to the results published by Divya et al [7], the trend is the same rule despite different background studies. Divya et al published that 0.2 wt.% MWCNTs combined with 20 wt.% fly ash is the optimal value.…”

Section: Fire Retardantsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Study on Synergies of Fly Ash with Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Manufacturing Fire Retardant Epoxy Nanocomposite

Nguyen

2020

Journal of Chemistry

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In this study, fly ash (FA) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to make environmentally friendly nanocomposites, which have high fire retardant properties and high mechanical properties. Industrial waste such as fly ash has become a major concern during the treatment of environmental pollution. MWCNTs were used in this experiment to enhance the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of materials with fly ash additives. MWCNTs content (0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 wt.%) and fly ash content (30, 40, and 50 wt.%) were studied for three different levels. The flame retardancy of the material is significantly improved by the addition of fly ash/MWCNTs at different rates, especially at 0.04 wt. % MWCNTs and 40 wt. % fly ash with LOI at 26.8%. Regarding mechanical properties, tensile strength increases as fly ash/MWCNTs increase, up to a critical point. On the other hand, the compressive strength of composite increases continuously as fly ash/MWCNTs increase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of fly ash and MWCNTs as well as its distribution in the matrix. This will help analyze the influence of the effectiveness of the combination of fly ash and MWCNTs to the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of fly ash/MWCNTs/epoxy nanocomposites.

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Section: Fire Retardantsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…% MWCNTs, 20 wt. % fly ash gave the best fire resistance [7]. M. Soyama et al also studied the flame retardant properties of polycarbonate composites with 25 wt.% resulting in samples with a high flame retardant [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Synergies of Fly Ash with Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Manufacturing Fire Retardant Epoxy Nanocomposite

Nguyen

2020

Journal of Chemistry

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“…However, due to the different chemical compositions and physical properties of FAs arising from different coals and combustion systems, diverse findings have been reported regarding the impact of FA additions on mechanical, thermal, and combustion properties of composite materials. While FAs can be directly utilized in polymers without any surface modification, 20 it is worth noting that reducing particle size and modifying the surface of FAs can greatly enhance their compatibility with polymer interfaces 21–25 . Generally, it has been observed that the incorporation of specific quantities of FAs can enhance the mechanical properties, as well as the thermal and fire resistances of the materials 26–28 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While FAs can be directly utilized in polymers without any surface modification, 20 it is worth noting that reducing particle size and modifying the surface of FAs can greatly enhance their compatibility with polymer interfaces. [21][22][23][24][25] Generally, it has been observed that the incorporation of specific quantities of FAs can enhance the mechanical properties, as well as the thermal and fire resistances of the materials. [26][27][28] PP is a highly versatile thermoplastic polymer extensively employed in diverse industries and applications, including packaging, automotive, textiles, medical and healthcare, electrical and electronic, consumer goods, and agriculture, owing to its favorable properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of fly ash on thermal, combustion, and mechanical properties of polypropylene including intumescent flame retardant

Demiryuğuran,

Usta

2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, a fly ash (FA), primarily composed of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, and CaO, as a synergistic additive (1–5 wt%) was added to enhance the effectiveness of an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system (25 wt%) in polypropylene (PP). The composites were characterized by various tests to study thermal, combustion, and mechanical properties. Experimental results revealed that both IFR and IFR/FA additions led to early degradation at lower rates, with increased residual mass values. The thermal conductivity coefficient increased up to 16.9% with IFR/FA additions. While the sample containing only IFR met the UL 94 V‐0 requirements with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 30.0%, the addition of 1% and 2% FA satisfied the UL 94 V‐0 criteria with the LOI values of 32.8% and 34.9%, respectively. Cone calorimeter results indicated that IFR had significant positive impacts on the burning characteristics of PP. Furthermore, the incorporation of FA reinforced the char layer formed by IFR, thereby enhancing the fire resistances of the composites. Although the tensile strength and tensile modulus decreased with IFR addition, the Izod impact strength increased. Additionally, FA additions slightly improved the mechanical properties of PP/IFR composites.

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“…Meanwhile, fly ashes, which are by-products of pulverized coal-fired power plants, were also used to improve the properties of polyethylene composite materials. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] In addition, the use of fly ash as a filler has environmental and economic advantages. 45 Since the chemical compositions and physical properties of fly ashes may vary depending on the coal and the combustion systems, different results were reported on the effects of fly ash additions on mechanical, thermal, and burning properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fly ash and intumescent flame retardant on thermal, burning, and mechanical properties of polyethylene composites

Demiryuğuran,

Usta

2023

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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In this study, fly ash (FA) which mainly consists of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MgO, and CaO, was used as a synergistic additive (1–5 wt %) to improve the effectiveness of an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system (25 wt %) in high density polyethylene (HDPE). IFR system composed of ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol (3/1 ratio), and different amounts of FA were incorporated homogeneously into HDPE. Thermogravimetric analyses and thermal conductivity measurements were performed to determine the thermal properties. Meanwhile, limiting oxygen index, UL 94 vertical burning, and cone calorimetry tests were performed to investigate the fire resistance. Furthermore, the effects of IFR/FA additions on the mechanical properties were determined. The experimental results showed that IFR and IFR/FA additions resulted in early degradation with lower rates, and the residual mass values increased due to the char layers and the FA content. Also, IFR addition increased the thermal conductivity coefficient from 0.451 W/mK to 0.462 W/mK and IFR/FA additions further increased the coefficient up to 0.506 W/mK. Although the sample included only 25 wt % IFR could meet the requirements of UL 94 V-2 with a LOI value of 25.0%, 2, 3 and 4 wt % FA additions satisfied the criteria of UL 94 V-0 with a LOI value of 26.6%. In addition, the cone calorimeter results revealed that the peak heat release rates and total heat released values decreased with IFR (25 wt %) and FA (2, 3, and 4 wt %) additions. Furthermore, CO, CO2, and soot emissions of the composites significantly reduced with respect to HDPE. The NO increased with IFR additions due to the nitrogen content of APP. 25% IFR addition caused decreases in the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and Izod impact strength. However, FA additions slightly enhanced the mechanical properties of HDPE/IFR composite.

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Fire Retardancy Characteristics and Mechanical Properties of High-Density Polyethylene/Ultrafine Fly Ash/MWCNT Nanocomposites

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Study on Synergies of Fly Ash with Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Manufacturing Fire Retardant Epoxy Nanocomposite

Study on Synergies of Fly Ash with Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes in Manufacturing Fire Retardant Epoxy Nanocomposite

Synergistic effects of fly ash on thermal, combustion, and mechanical properties of polypropylene including intumescent flame retardant

Effects of fly ash and intumescent flame retardant on thermal, burning, and mechanical properties of polyethylene composites

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