“…To support this claim, we argue that foreign board members are more likely to suffer from a lack of knowledge of local (accounting) rules and/or that their presence makes the board vulnerable to language issues, which hampers board effectiveness and, hence, increases earnings management. As such, our research is part of an emerging field that focuses on the antecedents and consequences of the internationalization of the board of directors (Attig, Boubakri, El Ghoul & Guedhami, 2014;Masulis, Wang & Xie, 2012;Oxelheim & Randøy, 2005;Oxelheim, Gregorič, Randøy & Thomsen, 2013;Piekkari, Oxelheim & Randøy, 2015).…”