First boronization in KSTAR

Hong, Suk–Ho; Lee, K.S.; Kim, K.M.; Kim, H.T.; Kim, G.P.; Sun, Jong-Ho; Woo, Hyun‐Sik; Park, J.M.; Kim, W.C.; Kim, H.K.; Park, K.R.; Yang, H.L.; Na, H.K.; Chung, Kyu‐Sun

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.04.064

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Table 1 also contains the refractive index of the coating that is inferred by the ellipsometer. This high refractive index implies that the coating is hard and has a well-ordered morphology [7]. It is noted that the coating is much thicker than expected based on the duty cycle of the PDC (2 ms/1 s = 0.2%) assuming the deposition only takes place during discharges.…”

Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Most of these substances, except decarborane and o-carborane, are toxic and explosive and therefore, require additional and substantial safety resources to carry out the boronization. Techniques using o-carborane are relatively safe and easy compared with the rest of the methods and the recent 'brand-new' fusion devices also have adopted the o-carborane method [6,7]. The safe and simple nature of the o-carborane technique makes it the most appropriate to the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) since the device resides in a university building with hundreds of students coming and going daily and the boundary between the machine area and the rest of the building is not gas-sealed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First gaseous boronization during pulsed discharge cleaning

Hartog

Goetz

et al. 2013

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Section: Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First gaseous boronization during pulsed discharge cleaning

Hartog

Goetz

et al. 2013

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…As a result, the H-to-D ratio has been significantly reduced (the bottom plot in figure 6). It is postulated that the high H-to-D ratio observed during the early phase of the 2014 campaign is due to the hydrogen atoms contained in the o-carborane (C 2 B 10 H 12 ), the substance used in the KSTAR boronization [15]. The H-to-D ratio gradually decreases as the campaign goes on and reaches a saturated value (∼ 20 %).…”

Section: Jinst 10 P10009mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of neutral hydrogenic emission spectra in a tokamak

Chung

Jaspers

2015

J. Inst.

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Balmer-α radiation by the excitation of thermal and fast neutral hydrogenic particles has been investigated in a magnetically confined fusion device, or tokamak, from the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR). From the diagnostic point of view, the emission from thermal neutrals is associated with passive spectroscopy and that from energetic neutrals that are usually injected from the outside of the tokamak to the active spectroscopy. The passive spectroscopic measurement for the thermal Balmer-α emission from deuterium and hydrogen estimates the relative concentration of hydrogen in a deuterium-fueled plasma and therefore, makes a useful tool to monitor the vacuum wall condition. The ratio of hydrogen to deuterium obtained from this measurement qualitatively correlates with the energy confinement of the plasma. The Doppler-shifted Balmer-α components from the fast neutrals features the spectrum of the motional Stark effect (MSE) which is an essential principle for the measurement of the magnetic pitch angle profile. Characterization of this active MSE spectra, especially with multiple neutral beam lines crossing along the observation line of sight, has been done for the guideline of the multi-ion-source heating beam operation and for the optimization of the narrow bandpass filters that are required for the polarimeter-based MSE diagnostic system under construction at KSTAR.

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“…KSTAR boronization is based on a carborane (C 2 B 10 H 12 ) injection system. The technique is widely used in Russian tokamaks [5] and HT-7, and EAST [6]. Carborane solid powder is heated up to 120 °C in a dedicated evaporator oven located outside the KSTAR cryostat.…”

Section: Boronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carborane is loaded into the oven as shown in figure 4(b)), then the oven is sealed and heated up. A detailed description of the boronization system and flow rate control in 2009 can be found in our recent publication [34]. Note that only one carborane injection port was available in 2009, which leads to an inhomogeneous deposition profile inside the vacuum vessel (see figure 15(a)).…”

Section: Boronization Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial phase wall conditioning in KSTAR

Hong

Kim

et al. 2011

Nucl. Fusion

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Initial phase wall conditioning in KSTAR is depicted. The KSTAR wall conditioning procedure consists of baking, Glow Discharge Cleaning (GDC), ICRH Wall Conditioning (ICWC), and boronization (Bz). The vessel baking has been performed in order to remove various kinds of impurities including H 2 O, carbon and oxygen for the plasma. The total outgassing rates in the KSTAR campaigns are compared. GDC is regularly performed as standard wall cleaning procedure. Another cleaning technique is ICWC, which is useful for intershot wall conditioning under strong magnetic field. In order to optimize operation time and removal efficiency, parameter scan has been performed. Bz is a standard technique to remove oxygen impurity from vacuum vessel. KSTAR has utilized carborane powder which is non-toxic boron containing material. The first bz has been performed successfully. Water and oxygen level in vacuum vessel have been reduced significantly. Boron containing thin films deposited by boronization are studied.

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First boronization in KSTAR

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

First gaseous boronization during pulsed discharge cleaning

First gaseous boronization during pulsed discharge cleaning

Analysis of neutral hydrogenic emission spectra in a tokamak

Initial phase wall conditioning in KSTAR

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