First characterization of the development of bleached kraft softwood pulp fiber interfaces during drying and rewetting using FRET microscopy

Thomson, Cameron I.; Lowe, Robert M.; Ragauskas, Arthur J.

doi:10.1515/hf.2008.069

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For our calculations, we assume that the maximum contribution from interdiffusion is a doubling of the area for molecular interactions. This is a first estimate, based on the experience of the 60% increase in molecular contact after rewetting and repressing of fiber-fiber bonds18.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It improves the bond strength by increasing the available contact area for the inter-molecular bonding forces. Thomson et al have adapted Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) microscopy to study the degree of bonding between cellulosic fiber-fiber surfaces171819. For individual softwood pulp fiber-fiber bonds, they found a 60% increase in molecular contact due to rewetting and repressing of the bonds18, which they attributed to interdiffusion of the surface molecules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive analysis of individual pulp fiber bonds quantifies the mechanisms of fiber bonding in paper

Hirn

Schennach

2015

Sci Rep

129

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The process of papermaking requires substantial amounts of energy and wood consumption, which contributes to larger environmental costs. In order to optimize the production of papermaking to suit its many applications in material science and engineering, a quantitative understanding of bonding forces between the individual pulp fibers is of importance. Here we show the first approach to quantify the bonding energies contributed by the individual bonding mechanisms. We calculated the impact of the following mechanisms necessary for paper formation: mechanical interlocking, interdiffusion, capillary bridges, hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals forces, and Coulomb forces on the bonding energy. Experimental results quantify the area in molecular contact necessary for bonding. Atomic force microscopy experiments derive the impact of mechanical interlocking. Capillary bridges also contribute to the bond. A model based on the crystal structure of cellulose leads to values for the chemical bonds. In contrast to general believe which favors hydrogen bonding Van der Waals bonds play the most important role according to our model. Comparison with experimentally derived bond energies support the presented model. This study characterizes bond formation between pulp fibers leading to insight that could be potentially used to optimize the papermaking process, while reducing energy and wood consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of individual pulp fiber bonds quantifies the mechanisms of fiber bonding in paper

Hirn

Schennach

2015

Sci Rep

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…3c). Increasing the contact area available for the creation of these bonding forces has been reported as one of the key mechanisms for improving the strength of cellulose fibre assemblies (Hirn and Schennach 2015;Thomson et al 2008). Figure 3d-e show also the presence of interlocking joints ''glued'' by cellulose bonds, created during stirring, centrifuging and drying, as capillary forces attract surfaces and adhere them together (Schmied et al 2013).…”

Section: Fibre Morphologymentioning

confidence: 90%

Characterization and structural properties of bamboo fibre solid foams

2020

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In this work, cellulose fibres extracted from bamboo culms were used to fabricate two types of cellular materials: rigid foams and fibrous networks. A relatively simple and low-technology fabrication method is presented, using natural binders and blowing agents to manufacture rigid foams, and fibrillation by partial hydrolysis in H2SO4 to manufacture fibrous networks. The compressive response is related to the internal microstructure and processing parameters. In the case of fibrous networks, the achievable relative density range is determined by the length of initial fibres and extent of external fibrillation. The compressive properties are dictated both by the density of the network and strength of the fibrous bridges, showing a linear stiffness-density relationship due to the length of fibres, and an inverse relationship at increased external fibrillation. The rigid foams showed an orthotropic internal microstructure but nearly isotropic compressive response, due to the influence of the interpenetrating void structure on the deformation and fracture mechanisms. The results show the potential of bamboo-fibre porous materials as low cost, lightweight structural materials.

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“… 33 − 36 FRET microscopy and spectroscopy have also been used to study interdiffusion between polymeric materials. 30 , 37 − 39 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Imaging of Nanoscale Contact with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer

Simões

Urstöger

Schennach

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Adhesion is caused by molecular interactions that only take place if the surfaces are in nanoscale contact (NSC); i.e., the distance between the surfaces is in the range of 0.1–0.4 nm. However, there are several difficulties measuring the NSC between surfaces, mainly because regions that appear to be in full contact at low magnification may show no NSC when observed at higher magnifications. Thus, the measurement area of NSC is very small with imaging techniques, and an experimental technique to evaluate NSC for large contact areas has not been available thus far. Here, we are proposing Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) spectroscopy/microscopy for this purpose. We demonstrate that NSC in a distance range of 1–10 nm can be evaluated. Our experiments reveal that, for thin films pressed under different loads, NSC increases with the applied pressure, resulting in a higher FRET signal and a corresponding increase in adhesion force/energy when separating the films. Furthermore, we show that local variations in molecular contact can be visualized with FRET microscopy. Thus, we are introducing a spectroscopic technique for quantification (FRET spectroscopy) and imaging (FRET microscopy) of NSC between surfaces, demonstrated here for the application of surface adhesion. This could be of interest for all fields where adhesion or nanoscale surface contact are playing a role, for example, soft matter, biological materials, and polymers, but also engineering applications, like tribology, adhesives, and sealants.

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First characterization of the development of bleached kraft softwood pulp fiber interfaces during drying and rewetting using FRET microscopy

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Comprehensive analysis of individual pulp fiber bonds quantifies the mechanisms of fiber bonding in paper

Comprehensive analysis of individual pulp fiber bonds quantifies the mechanisms of fiber bonding in paper

Characterization and structural properties of bamboo fibre solid foams

Quantification and Imaging of Nanoscale Contact with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer

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