First Description of
            <i>mcr-1</i>
            -Mediated Colistin Resistance in Human Infections Caused by Escherichia coli in Latin America

Rapoport, Melina; Faccone, Diego; Pasterán, Fernando; Ceriana, Paola; Albornoz, Ezequiel; Petroni, Alejandro; Corso, Alejandra

doi:10.1128/aac.00573-16

Cited by 100 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Less resistance was noticed for amikacin 42% and gentamicin (40%). This on contrary to previous results reporting poor sensitivity to aminoglycosides [23,33]. This difference in susceptibility may reflect the difference of antibiotics policy among different health care settings in different geographical regions.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Molecular study of colistin resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae species

Zaki¹,

ElKheir²,

Mofreh³

2018

J Clin Mol Med

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Molecular study of colistin resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae species

Zaki¹,

ElKheir²,

Mofreh³

2018

J Clin Mol Med

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“…While Moraxella spp. are not polymyxin producers, this bacterial genus is known to be intrinsically resistant to polymyxins [18] and potential intergeneric transfer of mcr-2 from co-habiting Moraxella spp. of animal, human or environmental origin is therefore highly likely.…”

Section: Figure 2 Mcr-2 and Mcr-1 Predicted Tertiary Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a novel plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance gene, mcr-2, in Escherichia coli, Belgium, June 2016

Xavier¹,

et al. 2016

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We identified a novel plasmid-mediated colistinresistance gene in porcine and bovine colistin-resistant Escherichia coli that did not contain mcr-1. The gene, termed mcr-2, a 1,617 bp phosphoethanolamine transferase harboured on an IncX4 plasmid, has 76.7% nucleotide identity to mcr-1. Prevalence of mcr-2 in porcine colistin-resistant E. coli (11/53) in Belgium was higher than that of mcr-1 (7/53). These data call for an immediate introduction of mcr-2 screening in ongoing molecular epidemiological surveillance of colistinresistant Gram-negative pathogens. . mcr-1 was detected in 12.4% (n = 13) of the E. coli isolates, of which six and seven were from calves and piglets, respectively [3,4]. In the present study, we analysed porcine and bovine colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates that did not show presence of mcr-1 and identified a novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance-conferring gene, mcr-2.

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“…23,25 In addition, clinical isolates that contain the mcr-1 gene have been reported in Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, the Netherlands, Sweden, the UK, Germany, Denmark, Switzerland, Italy, South Africa, Egypt, Argentina and the United States. 23,[25][26][27][28][29][30] Of interest, Shen and colleagues 31 showed the presence of mcr-1 in 3 E. coli isolates of chicken origin from China dating back to the 1980s, which supports the view that this is not a new resistance mechanism despite its recent recognition. The mcr-1 gene has been found most commonly in E. coli but has also been detected in Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Frequency of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance among Escherichia coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals (CANWARD 2008-2015)

et al. 2016

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Background: Colistin is often used as an antimicrobial of last resort for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacilli. In 2015, plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in Escherichia coli due to MCR-1 was described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of colistin resistance among E. coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals as part of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD) and to determine how often the mcr-1 gene is detected among the colistin-resistant subset. Methods:From January 2008 to December 2015 (excluding 2011), 10 to 15 sentinel hospitals submitted consecutive clinical isolates (1 per patient per infection site) from blood (100-240), respiratory (100-150), urine (25-100) and wound (25-100) infections. We performed susceptibility testing using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods. Isolates that showed resistance to colistin as defined by European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoints (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 4 µg/mL) were evaluated for the mcr-1 gene by polymerase chain reaction. Results:In total, 5571 E. coli clinical isolates were obtained over the study years. Twelve isolates (0.2%) were resistant to colistin. The proportion of colistin-resistant isolates varied from 0.0% to 0.5% depending on the study year, and there was no clear trend toward increasing resistance over time. Typically the colistin-resistant isolates remained susceptible to antimicrobials from several other classes. Two colistin-resistant isolates (0.04%) were found to harbour the mcr-1 gene. Interpretation:The results suggest that colistin resistance among E. coli human clinical isolates, including resistance mediated by the mcr-1 gene, remains rare in Canada. AbstractResearch Research CMAJ OPEN E642CMAJ OPEN, 4(4)to MCR-1. MCR-1 (encoded for by the mcr-1 gene) is a member of the phosphoethanolamine transferase enzyme family. It confers resistance to colistin by the transfer of phosphoethanolamine to lipid A, thereby reducing the affinity of the target (by reducing the negative charge) for this polycationic antimicrobial. 7 E. coli isolates with the mcr-1 gene typically have colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of 4 to 8 µg/mL. 7-11The location of the mcr-1 gene on a plasmid is concerning, as this raises the possibility that the resistance determinant may be transferred to multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Indeed, the mcr-1 gene has already been detected in multidrugresistant E. coli isolates that also contain an extended-spectrum β-lactamase or a carbapenemase enzyme.12-15 Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance attributed to a second mcr gene (mcr-2) has also recently been described. 16 Many clinical microbiology laboratories do not test colistin routinely against E. coli, so the frequency with which resistance occurs in Canada is difficult to estimate from local data. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of colistin res...

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First Description of mcr-1 -Mediated Colistin Resistance in Human Infections Caused by Escherichia coli in Latin America

Cited by 100 publications

References 7 publications

Molecular study of colistin resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae species

Molecular study of colistin resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae species

Identification of a novel plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance gene, mcr-2, in Escherichia coli, Belgium, June 2016

Frequency of MCR-1-mediated colistin resistance among Escherichia coli clinical isolates obtained from patients in Canadian hospitals (CANWARD 2008-2015)

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