First detection of silverleaf (Chondrostereum purpureum) on rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum) and disease damages

France, Andrés; Grinbergs, D.; Carrasco, Jaime

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2017.1180.37

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The plasticity of this fungus has allowed its adaptation to diverse hosts and geographic regions, as it occurs in different countries such as New Zealand, Canada, and The Netherlands, where C. purpureum is ubiquitous (De Jong et al 1990;Gosselin et al 1999;Spiers et al 2000). In Chile it has been recorded from different host species and geographic areas (France et al 2017;Grinbergs et al 2019), as well as in this study, where the fungus was detected in nine different woody species causing silverleaf, and from a wide range of climate regions along the country. In addition, C. purpureum has been described as a weak pathogen in some countries (De La Bastide and Hintz 2007), while silverleaf has been classified as a major disease in Chile.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…Silverleaf disease is considered a major economic disease for several fruit crops in Chile, with new host species and cultivars for C. purpureum reported yearly (France et al 2017;Grinbergs et al 2019). Apple is one of the most susceptible species, and silverleaf occurs throughout all the apple producing area, having a negative impact on the productivity and longevity of apple orchards and nurseries (Spiers and Brewster 1997;Spiers et al 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A PCR-Based Method for the Rapid Detection ofChondrostereum purpureumin Apple

et al. 2020

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Silverleaf caused by the basidiomycete Chondrostereum purpureum affects numerous woody species, including fruit tree crops like apple, resulting in wood necrosis and foliar silvering. There are no curative alternatives for this disease, and its management is by prevention methods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a rapid diagnostic tool for the detection and identification of C. purpureum directly from woody tissues to help distinguish the pathogen from other basidiomycetes that are commonly found on apple. The silverleaf pathogen was isolated from different hosts and locations, and Koch’s postulates were performed by inoculating the isolates on apple cuttings and measuring internal necrosis. A previously described APN 1 pair of primers specificity was also tested against 25 C. purpureum isolates in this study, using other wood rotting species as negative controls. Seven virulent isolates were inoculated on apple cuttings, and DNA was extracted from the cuttings’ sawdust and amplified using APN 1, after 22 days of incubation. To prove the efficiency of the method in the field, DNA from healthy nursery plants inoculated with two virulent isolates, and naturally infected plants showing different levels of foliar symptoms, were tested. Presence of the fungus was verified by reisolation on APDA in all assays. Koch’s postulates indicated that all C. purpureum isolates were pathogenic, showing different virulence levels, and APN 1 primers were able to discriminate them from other basidiomycetes. The method was also able to detect C. purpureum from artificially inoculated plants as well as naturally infected ones, demonstrating that the protocol may become a rapid minimally destructive diagnostic tool to detect the pathogen without the need to isolate it from tissues, and thus taking measures to prevent its dissemination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

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confidence: 99%

A PCR-Based Method for the Rapid Detection ofChondrostereum purpureumin Apple

et al. 2020

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“…Fungal trunk diseases have increased in recent years, in fruit, ornamental, forest, and woody species, worldwide [2]. Some of the reasons of this increase in trunk diseases in fruit crops are changes in climate, the incorporation of intensive plant production management measures such as high density plantations, the use of dwarfing rootstocks, and severe pruning, in order to accelerate plant and fruit production, which stress the plants and alter their behaviour [2][3][4]. Fungal trunk diseases are one of the main pathological problems for Prunus, which are affected by several fungal taxonomic groups [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silverleaf (Chondrostereum purpureum) Effects on Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina)

Grinbergs

Chilian

Hahn

et al. 2021

Plants

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Silverleaf is an important fungal trunk disease of fruit crops, such as Japanese plum (Prunus salicina). It is known that infection by Chondrostereum purpureum results in discolored wood, “silvered” foliage, and tree decline. However, effects on fruit yield and quality have not been assessed. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine C. purpureum pathogenicity on P. salicina and the effects on physiology, fruit yield, and quality, in Chile, in 2019 and 2020. Wood samples from affected plum trees were collected in the Chilean plum productive area. Fungi were isolated by plating wood sections from the necrosis margin on culture media. Morphological and molecular characteristics of the isolates corresponded to C. purpureum (98%). Representative isolates were inoculated from healthy plum plants and after 65-d incubation, wood necrotic lesions and silver leaves were visible. Fungi were reisolated, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. To determine Silverleaf effects, xylem water potential and fruit yield and quality were measured in healthy and Silverleaf-diseased plum trees ‘Angeleno’. Water potential was altered in diseased trees, and fruit yield was reduced by 51% (2019) and by 41% (2020) compared to fruit from healthy trees. Moreover, cover-colour, equatorial-diameter, and weight were reduced, and fruit were softer, failing to meet the criteria to be properly commercialized and exported to demanding markets.

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“…The results were consistent with yield assessments performed in other fruit crops in Chile, such as apples and blueberries (France et al, 2017, Grinbergs et al, unpublished work). Although there are authors who point out yield losses due to the damaging effects of C. purpureum infections in stone and pome fruits (Atkinson, 1971;Bishop, 1978;Spiers, et al, 1987;Bus et al, 1996;Spiers et al, 2000), and blueberries (France et al, 2017), as far as we concern, this is the first record about yield losses in Japanese plum related to the detrimental effects caused by C. purpureum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Fungal trunk diseases have been increasing in recent years, in fruit, ornamental, forest and woody species, worldwide. Some of the reasons of this raise in fruit crops are changes in climate, the incorporation of intensive plant production management measures like high density plantations, the use of dwarfing rootstocks and severe pruning, in order to accelerate plants and fruit production, which stress the plants and alter their behavior (Gramaje et al, 2016;Grinbergs et al, 2020, France et al, 2017. They are one of the main pathological problems for Prunus, which are affected by several fungal taxonomic groups (Gramaje et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silverleaf (Chondrostereum purpureum) Effects on Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina)

Grinbergs¹,

Chilian²,

C³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Silverleaf is an important trunk disease of fruit crops, like Japanese plum. It is known that Chondrostereum purpureum produces wood discoloration, leaves silvering and tree decline, however, the information about the effects on fruit production is scarce. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine C. purpureum pathogenicity on Prunus salicina and effects on physiology, fruit yield and quality, in Chile, in 2019 and 2020. Wood samples from affected plum trees were collected in the Chilean plum productive area. Fungi were isolated plating wood sections from the necrosis margin on culture media. Isolates colonies morphological and molecular characteristics accorded to C. purpureum (98%). Representative isolates were inoculated on healthy plum plants and after 65-d incubation, wood necrotic lesions and silver leaves were visible. Fungi were reisolated, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. To determine Silverleaf effects, water potential, and fruit yield and quality were measured in healthy and Silverleaf diseased plum plants cv. ‘Angeleno’. Water potential was altered on diseased trees, and their yield was reduced in 51% (2019) and 41% (2020), compared to fruit from healthy plants. Moreover, cover-colour, equatorial-diameter and weight were reduced, and fruit were softer, failing to meet the criteria to be properly commercialized and exported to demanding markets.

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First detection of silverleaf (Chondrostereum purpureum) on rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum) and disease damages

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

A PCR-Based Method for the Rapid Detection ofChondrostereum purpureumin Apple

A PCR-Based Method for the Rapid Detection ofChondrostereum purpureumin Apple

Silverleaf (Chondrostereum purpureum) Effects on Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina)

Silverleaf (<em>Chondrostereum purpureum</em>) Effects on Japanese Plum (<em>Prunus salicina</em>)

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