First electride crystal structure

Dawes, Steven B.; Ward, Donald L.; Huang, Rui; Dye, James

doi:10.1021/ja00272a073

Cited by 135 publications

(113 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, both have complexed cation structures that are very similar to those of normal salts. [27,28] This leads us to the conclusion that the "extra" electron density in electrides does not penetrate significantly into the interior region of the complexant. That is, the cationic charge on M+ is not significantly reduced by the presence of trapped or itinerant electrons in the structure.…”

Section: -Electride-alkalide Structural Similaritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with four molecules per unit ce11. [27] Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the locations of the complexed Cs+(18C6)2 cations relative to the anionic site as well as the location of the six anionic sites nearest to a given one. We assumed in labelling this diagram that the center of charge of the trapped electron is at the center of the anionic site.…”

Section: -Localized Electridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interelectron distance along c is 8.68 A, while electrons along axes at -450 to a and b are located 10. 27 A from the central trapping site. A relatively short open channel, about 1 x 2 A in size at its narrowest point, connects trapping sites along the c axis while the other channels are longer and more constricted.…”

Section: -Localized Electridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The magnetic susceptibility follows the Curie-Weiss law with a small Weiss constant (-1.5 K) [55,56], the optical spectrum consists of a single broad peak in the near IR at 1650 nm [45,56], and the Knight shift of the 133Cs signal is small, corresponding to only 0.033 percent atomic character at Cs+. [27,48] The latter is to be compared with a value of 0.2% in dilute (10-2 to 1 MPM) cesium-ammonia solutions. Early EPR spectra of Cs+(l8C6)2e-showed only a single exchangenarrowed line at the free electron g-value [55] and initial powder conductivities indicated semiconducting behavior with an apparent band gap of 0.9 eV.…”

Section: -Localized Electridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrides and Alkalides - Comparison With Metal Solutions

Dye

1991

J. Phys. IV France

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-The similarities between species in ammonia, amine and ether solutions of the alkali metals and in crystalline alkalides and electrides is striking. In solution we can identify the species M+,olv, e-,,lV, M-, M+-e-, "e2"', and at high concentrations, e-conduction. In alkalides, electrides and mixed systems, species analogous to each of these can be found, in addition to alkali metal anion dimers, M=,olv, and chains, (M"-)". Since the last Colloque Weyl we have determined the crystal structures and properties of 30 alkalides and 4 electrides. Correlation of structures and properties can now be made and will be discussed. A potentially rich area of investigation is the solution and liquid-state chemistry of alkalides and electrides. It is likely that the compound L~( C H~N H Z )~, studied by Sienko and others some time ago in both the liquid (metallic) state and the solid (semiconductor?) state, is an electride. Analogous alkalides, such as L~+ ( H~N C H~C H Z N H~)~N~ Li+(CH3NH2)4Na-,Li+(C2H5NH2)4Na-can be prepared and it appears that other alkali metal anions can be used instead of Na-. The solubility and stability of alkalides and electrides dissolved in dimethyl ether suggest that these would be excellent systems for the study of the properties of alkali metal solutions. l -IntroductionElectrides and alkalides have much in common with alkali metal solutions in ammonia, amines, polyethers and other solvents.Not only are crystalline electrides and alkalides synthesized from metal solutions, but many of the same species that are used to explain solution properties are also present in the ionic crystals.[l] This paper reviews the evidence for various species in solution and uses the crystal structures and properties of electrides and alkalides to identify similar species in the solid state. The variety of packing geometries of the complexed cations (and in alkalides of the alkali metal anions) results in a number of interesting phenomena.For example, electrides exhibit electron localization, delocalization, spin-pairing and antiferromagnetism [ 2 ] ; and various alkalides contain separated alkali metal anions, cation-anion pairs, anion dimers and chains of anions.Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx

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Section: -Electride-alkalide Structural Similaritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Localized Electridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Localized Electridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -Localized Electridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrides and Alkalides - Comparison With Metal Solutions

Dye

1991

J. Phys. IV France

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“…Edwards later achieved two outstanding pinnacles in solid-state materials science: i) the preparation of a stable inorganic compound in which an alkali metal was present as an anion (such as Na À and K À ) following the pioneering study of J. L. Dye in Michigan, [33] and ii) preparing a cuprate ceramic superconductor that (at that time) exhibited the highest recorded Tc. [34] Other topics pursued with success were: i) Crystal engineering, [23,35,36] where diffusionless reactions occur in the organic (or inorganic) solid-state (see refs.…”

Section: The Materials Science Of Solids Pursued At the Department Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coming of Advanced Materials: A Personal View of the Contributions by Cambridge Scientists

Thomas

2009

Advanced Materials

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The highly significant contributions both directly and indirectly made to the study of condensed matter in general and to advanced materials in particular by a succession of Cambridge scientists over the early years of the past half century are adumbrated in the light of the conjunction of the 21st anniversary of the founding of this journal and the 800th anniversary of the University of Cambridge. So also are the reasons for the burgeoning growth in the last few decades of the preparation, characterization, and use of various kinds of advanced materials. A summary is also given of the author's own work in solid‐state and materials science, including a brief appraisal of recent strategies for the design of advanced catalysts for the production (under environmentally benign conditions) of a number of industrially important chemicals ranging from vitamins to commodities, such as adipic acid and terephthalic acid, and building blocks, such as styrene oxide, that are utilized in the manufacture of cosmetics and perfumes.

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Reactions to Form Electrides

Atwood¹

1998

Inorganic Reactions and Methods

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First electride crystal structure

Cited by 135 publications

References 2 publications

Electrides and Alkalides - Comparison With Metal Solutions

Electrides and Alkalides - Comparison With Metal Solutions

The Coming of Advanced Materials: A Personal View of the Contributions by Cambridge Scientists

Reactions to Form Electrides

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