First Feeding Technology

Olsen, Yngve H.; Meeren, Terje van der; Reitan, Kjell Inge

doi:10.1002/9780470995617.ch7

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, to production of fry of salmonid species, the production of marine fish larvae relies entirely on complex feeding protocols involving several live feeds such as micro algae, rotifers and Artemia sp. Cultivated live‐feed organisms differ in terms of lipid levels and composition (Olsen et al , 2004), and the lipid content may become a bottleneck, particularly in Artemia sp. were lipid content and composition changes rapidly in the larval tanks (Evjemo et al , 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric growth and functional development of the gut in developing cod Gadus morhua L. larvae

Wold

Hoehne‐Reitan

Rainuzzo

2008

Journal of Fish Biology

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The development of the gut epithelium in cod Gadus morhua was studied during the larval period in intensive rearing systems. Cod larvae were fed enriched rotifers from mouth opening. On 17 days post-hatch (dph) one group of larvae were fed Artemia sp. nauplii while another group were fed both rotifers and a formulated diet (co-fed). At the end of the experiment (30 dph) larvae receiving live feed were almost three times larger than the co-fed larvae, although no clear signs of pathological effects due to feeding regime were found in any larvae sampled for morphological studies. The midgut volume in larvae fed live feed increased by a factor of 38 during the experiment, and in particular volume increased rapidly between 24 and 30 dph. The enterocyte size increased between 12 and 24 dph from 652 AE 64 to 1479 AE 144 mm 3 (mean AE S.E.). When enterocytes reached their maximum size, several morphological changes in the gut epithelium were initiated, such as increased number of mitochondria per enterocyte, increased size of the nuclei and a considerable increase in microvilli surface area. The mitochondrial membrane structures changed during the experiment, suggesting a maturation process of the mitochondria. The midgut development was strongly related to larval size rather than age. On 30 dph co-fed larvae were equal in size to Artemia sp. fed larvae on 24 dph. This was reflected by equal values of estimated midgut volume, midgut length and total number of enterocytes and the number of mitochondria per enterocyte. The microvilli surface area, however, was significantly larger in co-fed larvae on 24 dph compared to live-feed larvae on 30 dph. This increase in absorptive surface was probably a response to suboptimal feeding conditions. The strong correlation between gut development and larval size and the lack of clear pathological effects, suggested that the gut tissue is flexible and can withstand periods of suboptimal nutrition at this stage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometric growth and functional development of the gut in developing cod Gadus morhua L. larvae

Wold

Hoehne‐Reitan

Rainuzzo

2008

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…In two early papers, Dabrowski made important contributions to establishing these approaches, in linking them and in explaining their application to designing manufactured feeds (Dabrowski, 1984(Dabrowski, , 1986. Considerable research has established that digestive enzymes are present early in the larval life cycle of many marine fish; although gastric enzymes are not present, pancreatic enzymes provide considerable digestive capacity in marine larvae prior to metamorphosis (Olsen et al, 2004). Three main groups of digestive tract have been described in fish in order to assess digestive capacity in relation to larval development, feeding and feeds (Dabrowski, 1984).…”

Section: Nutritional Physiology Of Larval and Early Juvenile Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding in hatcheries

Carter

2015

Feed and Feeding Practices in Aquaculture

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“…In Norway, research on marine cold‐water fish aquaculture started in the 1980s, and in the mid‐1980s, attempts were made to develop extensive production methods for Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua L.) juveniles, while intensive techniques were demonstrated at experimental pilot scale (Olsen et al . ). Comprehensive research on Atlantic halibut ( Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) started in the 1980s (Shields ; Quéméner et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Thus, for many candidate marine species, establishing sufficient juvenile production of acceptable quality is a major bottleneck for introduction to aquaculture (Olsen et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Issues of aquatic experimentation in research on marine finfish larval production in Europe and North America

Nicolaisen

2017

Reviews in Aquaculture

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The aim of this review was to examine practices in academic research focusing on production of larvae of European marine fish species. The literature spanned peer‐reviewed articles over the years 1977–2014 for the main commercially produced marine species: Atlantic cod, halibut, sea bream, sea bass and turbot. Search hits were categorized into the main themes basic biology, natural habitat studies and aquaculture, and the latter theme further subdivided into nutrition, health, reproduction and production factor studies. In total, 74 of the production factor studies were thoroughly examined in terms of overall research structure, study designs, methods, analyses and reporting practices. A picture of a fragmented whole with many isolated contributors and limited cooperation appeared, and despite the multivariate nature and high complexity of the area, isolated and low replicated studies focusing on one variable at the time dominated. Randomization and blinding procedures were rarely accounted for, and a need to standardize practical conduct of research in terms of physical infrastructure, biological material used, control of tank environment, sampling, tank tending and response measurements appeared. Issues of statistical analysis were also apparent, spanning the choice of main techniques and follow‐up contrast procedures and Pseudoreplication. Additionally, the reporting of designs, analyses and results was often incomplete. Consequences of the different issues are discussed, and possible remedies proposed. The findings are in accordance with conclusions from contemporary studies addressing scientific quality and methodological issues at other areas of research.

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First Feeding Technology

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Allometric growth and functional development of the gut in developing cod Gadus morhua L. larvae

Allometric growth and functional development of the gut in developing cod Gadus morhua L. larvae

Feeding in hatcheries

Issues of aquatic experimentation in research on marine finfish larval production in Europe and North America

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