First Insight into a Nationwide Genotypic Diversity of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>among Previously Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Benin, West Africa

Affolabi, Dissou; N'dira, Sanoussi; Codo, Sergio; Sogbo, F; Wachinou, Prudence; Massou, Faridath; Kehinde, Aderemi; Anagonou, S.

doi:10.1155/2017/3276240

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We found a relatively high percentage of L5-L6, especially in the south-east of the country, compared to neighbouring countries such as Cameroon and Benin, where it has been suggested that L5-L6 were disappearing [ 12 , 34 ]. L5-L6 are geographically restricted and clustered in some states, especially in the south-east, where it represents an important percentage of cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…When comparing to neighbouring Benin and Cameroon on the west and east Nigerian borders respectively, the TB genetic structure is quite different. In Benin, a recent study of 100 isolates recruited in 2014, reported the following distribution: L1: 0%, L2: 8%, L3: 1%, L4: 77% (46% of L.4.6.2-CAM and 31% of others), L5: 12%, L6: 2% [ 34 ]. If we take into account the most recent results obtained, there might be an underestimation of L5 in the Benin study due to difficulty to grow M .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genotypes circulating in Nigeria based on spoligotyping obtained from Ziehl-Neelsen stained slides extracted DNA

et al. 2018

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most threatening diseases and Nigeria has one of the world’s largest burdens. This study performed high-throughput spoligotyping directly on sputum smears to describe the Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains circulating among new TB patients in Nigeria.MethodsAll State TB control programmes in Nigeria were requested to submit 25–50 smear-positive Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stained slides for screening during 2013–2014. DNA was extracted from 929 slides for spoligotyping and drug-resistance analysis using microbead-based flow-cytometry suspension arrays.ResultsSpoligotyping results were obtained for 549 (59.1%) of 929 samples. Lineage 4 Cameroon sublineage (L4.6.2) represented half of the patterns, Mycobacterium africanum (L5 and L6) represented one fifth of the patterns, and all other lineages, including other L4 sublineages, represented one third of the patterns. Sublineage L4.6.2 was mostly identified in the north of the country whereas L5 was mostly observed in the south and L6 was scattered. The spatial distribution of genotypes had genetic geographic gradients. We did not obtain results enabling the detection of drug-resistance mutations.Conclusion/SignificanceWe present the first national snapshot of the M. tuberculosis spoligotypes circulating in Nigeria based on ZN slides. Spoligotyping data can be obtained in a rapid and high-throughput manner with DNA extracted from ZN-stained slides, which may potentially improve our understanding of the genetic epidemiology of TB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genotypes circulating in Nigeria based on spoligotyping obtained from Ziehl-Neelsen stained slides extracted DNA

et al. 2018

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“…In the previous study, isolates clustered with spoligotyping as L4.6.2/Cameroon/SIT61 were partially resolved in six clusters by 24 variable number tandem repeat. 26 L4.6.2/Cameroon/SIT61, and the L4.6.2/Cameroon sublineage in general (spoligotyping signature lacking spacers 23–25 and 33–36) have been reported to be the main genotypic lineage in other Nigerian states (39.5% in Cross River 36 and 66% in Ibadan) 37 and in neighboring countries (66% in Cameroon, 38 33% in Chad, 39 33% in Benin, 40 and 30% in Burkina Faso). 41 The spread of this family could be associated with recent transmission of TB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex isolates circulating in Abuja, Nigeria

Molina-Moya¹,

Abdurrahman²,

Madukaji³

et al. 2018

IDR

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ObjectiveNigeria ranks fourth among the high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries. This study describes the prevalence of drug resistance and the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Abuja’s Federal Capital Territory.Materials and methodsTwo hundred and seventy-eight consecutive sputum samples were collected from adults with presumptive TB during 2013–2014. DNA was extracted from Löwenstein–Jensen cultures and analyzed for the identification of nontuberculous mycobacteria species, detection of drug resistance with line probe assays, and high-throughput spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping) using microbead-based hybridization.ResultsTwo hundred and two cultures were positive for M. tuberculosis complex, 24 negative, 38 contaminated, and 15 positive for nontuberculous mycobacteria. Five (2.5%) M. tuberculosis complex isolates were resistant to rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (multidrug resistant), nine (4.5%) to RIF alone, and 15 (7.4%) to isoniazid alone; two RIF-resistant isolates were also resistant to fluoroquinolones and ethambutol, and one multidrug resistant isolate was also resistant to ethambutol. Among the 180 isolates with spoligotyping results, 164 (91.1%) were classified as lineage 4 (Euro-American), 13 (7.2%) as lineage 5 (West African 1), two (1.1%) as lineage 2 (East Asia), and one (0.6%) as lineage 6 (West African 2). One hundred and fifty-six (86.7%) isolates were grouped in 17 clusters (2–108 isolates/cluster), of which 108 (60.0%) were grouped as L4.6.2/Cameroon (spoligotype international type 61).ConclusionThe description of drug resistance prevalence and genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis in this study may be useful for improving TB control in Nigeria.

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“…Central and West Africa (Figures 2 and 3) [48,49], regions predominantly associated with Mycobacterium africanum (MAF) [48,49,50,51]. Lineage 5 (West-Africa 1) and 6 (West-Africa 2) however continue to predominate in West Africa and are largely associated with drug susceptible TB [52,53,54,55].…”

Section: Modern Lineages (East Asian Eai and Euro American) Have Beementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review

Chisompola

Streicher

Muchemwa

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background The burden of drug resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Africa is largely driven by the emergence and spread of multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. The highest burden of drug resistant TB is seen in countries further experiencing an HIV epidemic, resulting in high HIV/TB co-morbidity rates. The molecular mechanisms of drug resistance as well as the evolution of drug resistant TB strains have been widely studied using various genotyping tools. Viewed as a whole, this can give a better insight into the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB in Africa.Methods A systematic review was performed on peer reviewed original research extracted from PubMed reporting on the molecular epidemiology of drug resistant TB from African countries. The search terms “Tuberculosis AND drug resistance AND Africa AND (spoligotyping OR molecular epidemiology OR IS6110 OR MIRU OR DNA fingerprinting OR RFLP OR VNTR OR WGS)” were used to identify relevant articles reporting the molecular epidemiology of drug resistant TB in Africa. Only studies reporting on the molecular epidemiology of drug resistant TB in Africa were included in the analysis.Results Diverse genotypes are associated with drug resistant TB in Africa, with variations in strain predominance within the continent. It has been demonstrated that drug resistant TB strains are associated with community and nosocomial outbreaks. Outbreaks have been described both in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals, involving MDR- and XDR-TB strains. Furthermore, the role of migration in the transmission of drug resistant TB strains has been demonstrated in certain parts of Africa. Of concern is the under-use of molecular epidemiological tools, resulting in gaps in knowledge of the transmission dynamics of drug resistant TB on the continent.Conclusions Genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains has been demonstrated across Africa implying that diverse genotypes are driving the epidemiology of drug resistant TB across the continent. To address knowledge gaps, there is a need for routine surveillance and extensive epidemiological investigations across the continent.

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First Insight into a Nationwide Genotypic Diversity ofMycobacterium tuberculosisamong Previously Treated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases in Benin, West Africa

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genotypes circulating in Nigeria based on spoligotyping obtained from Ziehl-Neelsen stained slides extracted DNA

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genotypes circulating in Nigeria based on spoligotyping obtained from Ziehl-Neelsen stained slides extracted DNA

Genetic characterization of <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> complex isolates circulating in Abuja, Nigeria

Molecular epidemiology of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review

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