First Onset of Depressive or Anxiety Disorders Predicted by the Longitudinal Course of Internalizing Symptoms and Parent-Adolescent Disagreements

Rueter, Martha A.; Scaramella, Laura V.; Wallace, Lora Ebert; Conger, Rand D.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.8.726

Cited by 141 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Então, estressores desta natureza são co-responsáveis pelo surgimento de transtornos mentais a curto, médio e longo prazo, bem como podem precipitar a recorrência de quadros psiquiátricos. 15 Reuter e cols. (1999) 15 , em uma coorte prospectiva com 303 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, entre 12 e 13 anos, avaliados anualmente por quatro anos, testou a relação entre desavenças entre pais e filhos como evento de vida estressor, sintomas prodrômicos de ansiedade e depressão e o surgimento de transtornos de ansiedade e depressão aos 19 e 20 anos.…”

Section: Estresse E Ansiedadeunclassified

“…15 Reuter e cols. (1999) 15 , em uma coorte prospectiva com 303 adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, entre 12 e 13 anos, avaliados anualmente por quatro anos, testou a relação entre desavenças entre pais e filhos como evento de vida estressor, sintomas prodrômicos de ansiedade e depressão e o surgimento de transtornos de ansiedade e depressão aos 19 e 20 anos. Entre os adolescentes, a presença persistente ou crescente de desavenças com os pais foi preditiva de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão.…”

Section: Estresse E Ansiedadeunclassified

“…Os eventos estressores estiveram indiretamente relacionados ao surgimento dos transtornos de ansiedade e depressivos. 15 Os indivíduos na fase adulta com freqüên-cia deparam-se com diferentes situações potencialmente estressoras como a criação dos filhos, o relacionamento enquanto casal, relações interpessoais, necessidade de manutenção do emprego e a própria aposentadoria. Esta, podendo ocorrer na meia-idade, pode ser vivenciada como uma perda (financeira ou das relações sociais) 16 .…”

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Relação entre estressores, estresse e ansiedade

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Cosner

et al. 2003

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul

176

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Os autores apresentam uma breve revisão de literatura sobre a relação entre ansiedade, eventos estressores e estresse. São descritas as diferentes situações estressoras, a definição de evento de vida estressor e os aspectos cognitivos, comportamentais e fisiológicos da resposta frente ao estresse. A neuroanatomia e os principais neurotransmissores envolvidos na resposta fisiológica de ansiedade ao estresse são descritos. Estudos genéticos que evidenciam a relação entre os eventos de vida estressores como fator de risco para ansiedade são apresentados. A relação causal entre os eventos de vida estressores e o aparecimento de ansiedade é abordada a partir de estudos realizados com adultos e adolescentes.

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“…18 Studies examining familial factors using prospective methodologies have investigated parent-child attachment, 13,17 specific parenting behaviors, 19 and family environment. 20,21 Most relevant to the current study are those that examined potential risk factors in the familial environment such as marital conflict or parental psychopathology. Rueter et al 20 documented the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and increases in internalizing symptomatology and new onset of a depressive or anxiety disorder over a fouryear period.…”

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confidence: 99%

Childhood Predictors of Anxiety Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study

Grover

Ginsburg

Ialongo

2005

Child Psychiatry Hum Dev

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The present study examined the concurrent and prospective relation between a select number of potential predictors and symptoms of anxiety among a high-risk community sample of 149 predominately African American children. Parent and child reports of anxiety were assessed in the first and seventh grade. Six domains of childhood risk factors (i.e., Loss-Death, Loss-Separation, Social Adversity, Negative Family Environment, Academic Difficulties, and Peer Rejection) were assessed using multiple informants in the first grade. Results indicated that children who experienced a more negative family environment, had a greater number of losses and deaths, and experienced academic failures in the first grade exhibited higher levels of anxiety (concurrently and/or at the six year follow-up). Findings provide empirical support to etiological models that posit both parental/familial and environmental factors contribute to the development of heightened anxiety in children. Keywords risk factors; child anxiety; African AmericanAnxiety disorders are among the most common childhood psychiatric disorders, with prevalence rates ranging between 3% and 15%. 1 Children with anxiety disorders experience significant impairment in their academic, familial, and social functioning. For instance, many anxious children have difficulty attending and performing in school, struggle with making and maintaining friendships, have high levels of family conflict, and experience significant personal distress (e.g., see . In light of the high prevalence of anxiety disorders and the short-and long-term impairment they confer, attempts to identify early risk factors or predictors of anxiety are needed. Identifying predictors of psychopathology is critical for informing etiological models, facilitating early identification, and developing preventive interventions. 5 The focus of the present study was to address this issue by examining a broad range of theorized predictors of anxiety over a seven-year period, capitalizing on an existing community-based longitudinal data set from the Baltimore Prevention Research Center at Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health.Developmental models of anxiety disorders in children served as a guide for identifying potential predictors. These models generally stress the reciprocal relation between a number of child (e.g., behavioral inhibition and avoidance, distorted thinking), parental/familial (e.g., psychopathology, family environment, parenting behaviors), and environmental NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptChild Psychiatry Hum Dev. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 June 13. factors (e.g., poverty, traumatic experiences). [6][7][8][9] Utilizing primarily concurrent designs, studies attempting to empirically validate theorized risk factors have identified several familial and environmental correlates of anxiety (e.g., see Refs. 10 and 11). Although concurrent studies have been informative, longitudinal studies provide information concerning trajectories of development, suggest direc...

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“…When examining this, it may be prudent to measure the parent′s impairment in areas that are more salient to offspring, such as family processes. A large corpus of research has implicated factors such as parent-offspring conflict (Rueter et al, 1999), adverse family environments (Eley et al, 2004;Sander and McCarty, 2005), parenting behaviour (Alloy et al, 2006), and marital difficulties (Cummings et al, 2005;Downey and Coyne, 1990) in the onset and maintenance of offspring depressive symptoms. Whilst time constraints of research and clinical protocols preclude the use of separate questionnaires to assess each domain of familial functioning, incorporating elements of this research into an impairment questionnaire for parents may be pertinent when assessing intergenerational transmission of depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%