First Performance Results of Ce:GAGG Scintillation Crystals With Silicon Photomultipliers

Yeom, Jung Yeol; Yamamoto, Seiichi; Derenzo, Stephen E.; Spanoudaki, Virginia; Kamada, Kei; Endo, Takanori; Levin, Craig S.

doi:10.1109/tns.2012.2233497

Cited by 106 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Recently, researchers have been working on a new type of crystal known as Ce:GAGG. Initial studies show that the timing performance is poorer than for L(Y)SO [60,64,65]. However, a newer crystal in the family such as Ce:GFAG may be promising [66].…”

Section: Scintillators For Use In Tof-petmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Ullah

Pratiwi

Cheon

et al. 2016

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging modality that provides information at the molecular level. This system is composed of radiation detectors to detect incoming coincident annihilation gamma photons emitted from the radiopharmaceutical injected into a patient's body and uses these data to reconstruct images. A major trend in PET instrumentation is the development of time-of-flight positron emission tomography (ToF-PET). In ToF-PET, the time information (the instant the radiation is detected) is incorporated for image reconstruction. Therefore, precise and accurate timing recording is crucial in ToF-PET. ToF-PET leads to better localization of the annihilation event and thus results in overall improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstructed image. Several factors affect the timing performance of ToF-PET. In this article, the background, early research and recent advances in ToF-PET instrumentation are presented. Emphasis is placed on the various types of scintillators, photodetectors and electronic circuitry for use in ToF-PET, and their impact on timing resolution is discussed.

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Section: Scintillators For Use In Tof-petmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Ullah

Pratiwi

Cheon

et al. 2016

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…These methods should, however, be performed with care as the results are highly dependent on the correction function parameters, and detailed studies on saturation correction are out of scope of this paper. 41,42 All measurements have been performed at a temperature regulated to around 15…”

Section: -7mentioning

confidence: 99%

Side readout of long scintillation crystal elements with digital SiPM for TOF‐DOI PET

2014

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Purpose: Side readout of scintillation light from crystal elements in positron emission tomography (PET) is an alternative to conventional end-readout configurations, with the benefit of being able to provide accurate depth-of-interaction (DOI) information and good energy resolution while achieving excellent timing resolution required for time-of-flight PET. This paper explores different readout geometries of scintillation crystal elements with the goal of achieving a detector that simultaneously achieves excellent timing resolution, energy resolution, spatial resolution, and photon sensitivity. Methods: The performance of discrete LYSO scintillation elements of different lengths read out from the end/side with digital silicon photomultipliers (dSiPMs) has been assessed. Results: Compared to 3 × 3 × 20 mm 3 LYSO crystals read out from their ends with a coincidence resolving time (CRT) of 162 ± 6 ps FWHM and saturated energy spectra, a side-readout configuration achieved an excellent CRT of 144 ± 2 ps FWHM after correcting for timing skews within the dSiPM and an energy resolution of 11.8% ± 0.2% without requiring energy saturation correction. Using a maximum likelihood estimation method on individual dSiPM pixel response that corresponds to different 511 keV photon interaction positions, the DOI resolution of this 3 × 3 × 20 mm 3 crystal side-readout configuration was computed to be 0.8 mm FWHM with negligible artifacts at the crystal ends. On the other hand, with smaller 3 × 3 × 5 mm 3 LYSO crystals that can also be tiled/stacked to provide DOI information, a timing resolution of 134 ± 6 ps was attained but produced highly saturated energy spectra. Conclusions: The energy, timing, and DOI resolution information extracted from the side of long scintillation crystal elements coupled to dSiPM have been acquired for the first time. The authors conclude in this proof of concept study that such detector configuration has the potential to enable outstanding detector performance in terms of timing, energy, and DOI resolution. C 2014 American Association of Physicists in Medicine. [http://dx

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“…Preliminary studies of energy resolution and timing performance of GAGG crystals readout by a variety of photon detection technologies (PMT, MPPC, PIN diode) show that the crystal has promise in medical imaging and gamma spectroscopy applications [8], [9]. Figure 1 shows a photograph of the 3mm×3mm×30mm GAGG scintillator crystals together with a packaged 3mm×3mm active area SiPM detector.…”

Section: A Cerium Doped Gaggmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of novel SiPM for medical imaging applications

Seitz

Stewart

O’Neill

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC)

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Abstract-Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors are investigated world-wide as a suitable replacement for the conventional vacuum based PhotoMultiplier Tube (PMT) and are enabling applications otherwise not possible with PMT detectors. Progress in recent years has been substantial with SiPM detectors pushing the boundaries in energy and time resolution as well as photon detection efficiency and active surface area. In this paper we report on the performance of a gamma detector comprising latest generation SiPM detectors from SensL coupled to novel Cerium doped Gd3Al2Ga3O12 (GAGG) scintillators from Furukawa, Japan. Both 3mm×3mm N-on-P and P-on-N SiPM detectors have been optically coupled to 3mm×3mm×30mm crystals. An energy resolution (662 keV Cs-137) of 9.4% has been measured for GAGG crystal coupled to a 3mm×3mm N-on-P SiPM detector.

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First Performance Results of Ce:GAGG Scintillation Crystals With Silicon Photomultipliers

Cited by 106 publications

References 22 publications

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Side readout of long scintillation crystal elements with digital SiPM for TOF‐DOI PET

Performance evaluation of novel SiPM for medical imaging applications

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