First-principles study of quantum tunneling from nanostructures: Current in a single-walled carbon nanotube electron source

First-principles study of field-emission from carbon nanotubes in the presence of methane

“…25 The FN model is applicable to field-emission from a planar surface with a metallic density of states in which the electrons are accelerated toward a one-dimensional potential barrier. 27 We have previously discussed the discrepancies between the results of experimental and simulation reports on bare CNT emitters and the FN model, 16 where we observed a non-FN and current saturation behavior that could be explained largely based on the manner in which the emission barrier at the nanotube tip evolves as the electric field increases. 27 We have previously discussed the discrepancies between the results of experimental and simulation reports on bare CNT emitters and the FN model, 16 where we observed a non-FN and current saturation behavior that could be explained largely based on the manner in which the emission barrier at the nanotube tip evolves as the electric field increases.…”

“…The structures were relaxed using MD simulations with adaptive intermolecular reactive empirical bond order potentials. 16 In this approach, the entire system including the CNT, adsorbate(s) and vacuum barrier (the region inside the cube shown in Fig. The MD simulations were performed using NANOHIVE-1 software 14 at 0.1 and 1 K of temperature.…”

“…16 The same transport solver has also been used for the calculation of the field-emission current from CNTs under hydrogen adsorption 17 and the study of electronic transport through deformed CNT structures. 16 The same transport solver has also been used for the calculation of the field-emission current from CNTs under hydrogen adsorption 17 and the study of electronic transport through deformed CNT structures.…”

Carbon Nanotube Electron Sources: From Electron Beams to Energy Conversion and Optophononics

“…Several works such as [77,114,115] have pointed out the deviation from linear Fowler-Nordheim behavior in field-emission experiments on nanotubes. Such deviations have been explained through cooperative effects among the tips in an emitter consisting of a collection of nanotubes [116], the difference in the energy band structure of nanotubes and conventional emitters [117], field penetration and induced apex dipoles [118], the nonlinear nature of the tunneling potential barrier as well as its angle dependence [119,120], variation of the local field [121], and the slowing down of the rate of reduction of the barrier width/height as the applied field increases [109].…”

“…Numerous applications [84] have been demonstrated using nanotube-based field-emitters including flat-panel displays [89][90][91][92], electron-beam systems [93][94][95], mass spectrometers [96], vacuum tubes [84], lighting devices [97], and X-ray imaging tools [98][99][100], to name but a few. On the theoretical side, studies based on continuum models [101,102] and atomistic simulations [103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111] have been performed, both for the investigation of the electronic structure and for the direct calculation of the emission current [101,109]. The effect of adsorbates on the field-emission current from nanotubes has also been studied theoretically [110,111].…”