First record of <i>Culicoides imicola</i>, the main vector of bluetongue virus in Europe, in the Basque Country (northern Spain)

Goldarazena, Arturo; Romón, Pedro; Aduriz, G.; Balenghien, Thomas; Baldet, Thierry; Delecolle, Jean Claude

doi:10.1136/vr.162.25.820

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Indeed, there have been no reports of C. imicola captured in the South West of France despite a dense and regularly surveyed trap network [36] (Figure SI4b in File S1); despite this area being modelled as suitable, and lies close to regions where some populations have been reported (South East of France, Venail et al [36]; North West of Spain, Goldarazena et al [50]). The colonization process is dependent on dispersal abilities, size of the source population, meteorological conditions and the presence of natural barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Niche and Future Potential Distribution of Culicoides imicola, a Major Vector of Bluetongue and African Horse Sickness Viruses

et al. 2014

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We modelled the ecoclimatic niche of Culicoides imicola, a major arthropod vector of midge-borne viral pathogens affecting ruminants and equids, at fine scale and on a global extent, so as to provide insight into current and future risks of disease epizootics, and increase current knowledge of the species' ecology. Based on the known distribution and ecology of C. imicola, the species' response to monthly climatic conditions was characterised using CLIMEX with 10′ spatial resolution climatic datasets. The species' climatic niche was projected worldwide and under future climatic scenarios. The validated model highlights the role of irrigation in supporting the occurrence of C. imicola in arid regions. In Europe, the modelled potential distribution of C. imicola extended further West than its reported distribution, raising questions regarding ongoing process of colonization and non-climatic habitat factors. The CLIMEX model highlighted similar ecological niches for C. imicola and the Australasian C. brevitarsis raising questions on biogeography and biosecurity. Under the climate change scenarios considered, its' modelled potential distribution could expand northward in the Northern hemisphere, whereas in Africa its range may contract in the future. The biosecurity risks from bluetongue and African horse sickness viruses need to be re-evaluated in regions where the vector's niche is suitable. Under a warmer climate, the risk of vector-borne epizootic pathogens such as bluetongue and African horse sickness viruses are likely to increase as the climate suitability for C. imicola shifts poleward, especially in Western Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide Niche and Future Potential Distribution of Culicoides imicola, a Major Vector of Bluetongue and African Horse Sickness Viruses

et al. 2014

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“…the change in modelled ratio during this time period compared with that of 1961–1999) reproduces remarkably well the recent spread of C. imicola to areas of northern Spain and southeast France (figure 1 c ). The precise time of introduction is not known, but C. imicola was detected for the first time in 2000 in Corsica [37], in southeast France in 2003 [38] and in northern Spain in 2007 [39]. The species is known to be spreading in these areas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the effects of past and future climate on the risk of bluetongue emergence in Europe

Guis

Caminade

Calvete

et al. 2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

151

140

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Vector-borne diseases are among those most sensitive to climate because the ecology of vectors and the development rate of pathogens within them are highly dependent on environmental conditions. Bluetongue (BT), a recently emerged arboviral disease of ruminants in Europe, is often cited as an illustration of climate's impact on disease emergence, although no study has yet tested this association. Here, we develop a framework to quantitatively evaluate the effects of climate on BT's emergence in Europe by integrating high-resolution climate observations and model simulations within a mechanistic model of BT transmission risk. We demonstrate that a climate-driven model explains, in both space and time, many aspects of BT's recent emergence and spread, including the 2006 BT outbreak in northwest Europe which occurred in the year of highest projected risk since at least 1960. Furthermore, the model provides mechanistic insight into BT's emergence, suggesting that the drivers of emergence across Europe differ between the South and the North. Driven by simulated future climate from an ensemble of 11 regional climate models, the model projects increase in the future risk of BT emergence across most of Europe with uncertainty in rate but not in trend. The framework described here is adaptable and applicable to other diseases, where the link between climate and disease transmission risk can be quantified, permitting the evaluation of scale and uncertainty in climate change's impact on the future of such diseases.

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“…The recent colonization and the establishment of populations of C. imicola in neighbouring countries have led to the question of whether incursions of this species will occur into mainland France3031. Indeed, a recent ecoclimatic niche model predicted that additional habitats will become suitable for C. imicola colonization in Western Europe under climate change scenarios and predicted northward range expansion along the Spanish and French border32.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Range expansion of the Bluetongue vector, Culicoides imicola, in continental France likely due to rare wind-transport events

Jacquet

Huber

Pagès

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The role of the northward expansion of Culicoides imicola Kieffer in recent and unprecedented outbreaks of Culicoides-borne arboviruses in southern Europe has been a significant point of contention. We combined entomological surveys, movement simulations of air-borne particles, and population genetics to reconstruct the chain of events that led to a newly colonized French area nestled at the northern foot of the Pyrenees. Simulating the movement of air-borne particles evidenced frequent wind-transport events allowing, within at most 36 hours, the immigration of midges from north-eastern Spain and Balearic Islands, and, as rare events, their immigration from Corsica. Completing the puzzle, population genetic analyses discriminated Corsica as the origin of the new population and identified two successive colonization events within west-Mediterranean basin. Our findings are of considerable importance when trying to understand the invasion of new territories by expanding species.

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First record of Culicoides imicola, the main vector of bluetongue virus in Europe, in the Basque Country (northern Spain)

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Worldwide Niche and Future Potential Distribution of Culicoides imicola, a Major Vector of Bluetongue and African Horse Sickness Viruses

Worldwide Niche and Future Potential Distribution of Culicoides imicola, a Major Vector of Bluetongue and African Horse Sickness Viruses

Modelling the effects of past and future climate on the risk of bluetongue emergence in Europe

Range expansion of the Bluetongue vector, Culicoides imicola, in continental France likely due to rare wind-transport events

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