First report of adult Hyalomma marginatum rufipes (vector of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus) on cattle under a continental climate in Hungary

Hornok, Sándor; Horváth, Gábor

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-170

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, adult H. marginatum ticks have been identified on livestock in Hungary and Romania, indicating that they are capable of carrying out their entire maturation cycle in areas further north than was previously thought possible (Ceianu et al, 2012;Hornok and Horvath, 2012). The detection of CCHFV-specific antibodies in sheep has provided further evidence of virus circulation in Hungary and Romania.…”

Section: Southeastern Europementioning

confidence: 76%

“…As it has been generally believed that lower mean environmental temperatures north of the Balkans, Alps and Pyrenees (north of 50°latitude) would prevent these thermophilic ticks from reaching adulthood, the discovery of a matureH. marginatum attached to a person in Germany (Kampen et al, 2007) and of adult ticks of the African species H. rufipes feeding on cattle in Hungary (Hornok and Horvath, 2012) was sufficiently unusual to warrant a published report.…”

Section: Future Geographic Range and Incidence Of Cchfmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the exception of a single human case in Hungary in 2004 (Hornok and Horvath, 2012), CCHF has not been reported in any country north of Bulgaria. However, adult H. marginatum ticks have been identified on livestock in Hungary and Romania, indicating that they are capable of carrying out their entire maturation cycle in areas further north than was previously thought possible (Ceianu et al, 2012;Hornok and Horvath, 2012).…”

Section: Southeastern Europementioning

confidence: 99%

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

et al. 2013

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Bente, Dennis A.; Forrester, Naomi L.; Watts, Douglas M.; McAuley, Alexander J.; Whitehouse, Chris A.; and Bray, Mike, "CrimeanCongo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity" (2013 b s t r a c tCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most important tick-borne viral disease of humans, causing sporadic cases or outbreaks of severe illness across a huge geographic area, from western China to the Middle East and southeastern Europe and throughout most of Africa. CCHFV is maintained in vertical and horizontal transmission cycles involving ixodid ticks and a variety of wild and domestic vertebrates, which do not show signs of illness. The virus circulates in a number of tick genera, but Hyalomma ticks are the principal source of human infection, probably because both immature and adult forms actively seek hosts for the blood meals required at each stage of maturation. CCHF occurs most frequently among agricultural workers following the bite of an infected tick, and to a lesser extent among slaughterhouse workers exposed to the blood and tissues of infected livestock and medical personnel through contact with the body fluids of infected patients. CCHFV is the most genetically diverse of the arboviruses, with nucleotide sequence differences among isolates ranging from 20% for the viral S segment to 31% for the M segment. Viruses with diverse sequences can be found within the same geographic area, while closely related viruses have been isolated in far distant regions, suggesting that widespread dispersion of CCHFV has occurred at times in the past, possibly by ticks carried on migratory birds or through the international livestock trade. Reassortment among genome segments during co-infection of ticks or vertebrates appears to have played an important role in generating diversity, and represents a potential future source of novel viruses. In this article, we first review current knowledge of CCHFV, summarizing its molecular biology, maintenance and transmission, epidemiology and geographic range. We also include an extensive discussion of CCHFV genetic diversity, including maps of the range of the virus with superimposed phylogenetic trees. We then review the features of CCHF, including the clinical syndrome, diagnosis, treatment, pathogenesis, vaccine development and laboratory animal models of CCHF. The paper ends with a discussion of the possible future geographic range of the virus. For the benefit of researchers, we include a Supplementary Table listing all published reports of CCHF cases and outbreaks in the English-language literature, plus some principal articles in other languages, with total case numbers, case fatality rates and all CCHFV strains on GenBank.

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Section: Southeastern Europementioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Future Geographic Range and Incidence Of Cchfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Southeastern Europementioning

confidence: 99%

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

et al. 2013

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“…Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene fragments revealed close relatedness among endosymbionts from Europe (Bulgaria, Ivanov et al, 2011) and Africa (Namibia, Brevik et al, 2011 and Ethiopia, this study). Sporadic occurrence of H. rufipes was also reported in Europe, probably transported by migrating birds (Hornok and Horváth, 2012), but the detection of FLE in this species has not been documented so far.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Detection of Francisella-like endosymbiont in Hyalomma rufipes from Ethiopia

Szigeti

Kreizinger

Hornok

et al. 2014

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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“…Nevertheless, despite a seemingly minimal role in the CCHFV transmission cycle, birds appear key in potential vector introduction. For example, immature Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma rufipes ticks have been found in Germany [54], Hungary [55], and the UK [56 ● ] upon introduction by migratory birds. However, these occurrences appear to be unusual at high latitudes, because along these migratory routes, birds stop to feed and rest in the Mediterranean basin where most, if not all, ticks detach.…”

Section: Expansion By Infected Tick Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and expansion from endemic regions

Spengler

Bergeron

Spiropoulou

2019

Current Opinion in Virology

108

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a virus-mediated hemorrhagic disease that occurs over a wide geographic region. In recent years, a variety of active and passive surveillance networks have improved our knowledge of areas with existing circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), the etiologic agent of CCHF. These investigations aid in better defining the distribution of the virus. Expansion of a virus into new areas can occur through a variety of means, including introduction of infected humans, vectors, or animals. Here, these potential contributors to expansion of CCHFV into neighboring countries and geographically distant locations are reviewed, and the likelihood and possible implications of these events, based on known characteristics of the virus and its natural maintenance and transmission cycles are explored. Furthermore, this report discusses limitations in the currently described distribution of CCHFV, and the challenges in assessing viral circulation identified in a new region as geographic expansion of the virus.

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First report of adult Hyalomma marginatum rufipes (vector of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus) on cattle under a continental climate in Hungary

Cited by 68 publications

References 19 publications

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: History, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical syndrome and genetic diversity

Detection of Francisella-like endosymbiont in Hyalomma rufipes from Ethiopia

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and expansion from endemic regions

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