First report of anthelmintic resistance in Haemonchus contortus in alpacas in Australia

Jabbar, Abdul; Campbell, Angus; Charles, JA; Gasser, Robin B.

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-243

Cited by 42 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh cacing gilik/kelas Nemotoda (Jabbar et al 2013). Dampak yang di timbulkan oleh penyakit ini adalah anemia berat, penurunan berat badan, dan gangguan pertumbuhan pada pedet sehingga sangat merugikan peternak (Sugama & Suyasa 2012).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Media Penyimpanan Telur, Larva dan Cacing Nematode sebagai Media Uji In Vitro

Ekawasti

Suhardono

et al. 2017

Teknologi Peternakan Dan Veteriner Mendukung Diversifikasi Sumber Protein Asal Ternak

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Gastrointestinal nematode worm infection is one of the factors inhibiting efforts to improve livestock productivity. The treatment is done by anthelmintic, but lately have been several cases of drug resistance worm. So that needs to be tested to determine the effectiveness of worm medicine. The test of effectiveness of drugs against worms can be done in vitro either on eggs, larvae and adult worms to chemical anthelmintics and herbs anthelmintics. Before performing the in vitro test, first need to know a good media in vitro test for use to the egg, larva and nematode worms can survive well beyond its natural condition. This study was aimed to test the good solvent medium for the storage of eggs, larvae and adult worms that can be used in vitro tests. Solvent medium or the test medium in vitro as the storage of eggs, larvae and adult worms commonly used is a solution of isotonic or a solution containing a substance, such as 0.9% NaCl, DMSO 1%, PBS 1%, CMC 1%, Tween 20 1%, and distilled water. Eggs and larvae are stored in the petridish that already contains six media with each of the three repetitions and time of observation for 24 and 48 hours, while the adult worms was observed every hour for 5 hours. Result showed that in vitro medium good for eggs and larvae was DMSO 1% and PBS 1%, while for adult worms NaCl 0.9% and PBS 1%. PBS is a good medium if the test will be conducted simultaneously using eggs, larvae and adult nematode worms.Key Words: Nematodes, The Digestive Tract, Media, In vitro ABSTRAKInfeksi cacing nematoda saluran pencernaan merupakan salah satu faktor penghambat dalam meningkatkan produktivitas ternak. Pengobatannya dilakukan dengan pemberian obat cacing, tetapi akhir-akhir ini telah dilaporkan adanya kejadian resistensi obat cacing. Sehingga perlu dilakukan uji untuk mengetahui efektivitas obat cacing. Uji efektivitas terhadap obat cacing dapat dilakukan secara in vitro baik pada telur, larva dan cacing dewasa terhadap anthelmintik kimia maupun alami (herbal). Sebelum melakukan uji in vitro terlebih dahulu perlu diketahui media uji in vitro yang baik untuk digunakan agar telur, larva dan cacing nematoda dapat bertahan dengan baik di luar kondisi alamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji media pelarut yang baik untuk penyimpanan telur, larva dan cacing dewasa agar dapat digunakan pada uji in vitro. Media pelarut atau media uji in vitro sebagai penyimpanan telur larva dan cacing dewasa yang biasa digunakan adalah berupa larutan isotonis atau larutan yang mengandung zat tertentu, seperti NaCl 0,9%, DMSO 1%, PBS 1%, CMC 1%, Tween 20 1%, dan akuades. Telur dan larva disimpan pada cawan petri yang telah berisi enam media tersebut dengan masing-masing 3 pengulangan dan waktu pengamatan selama 24 dan 48 jam sedangkan pada cacing dewasa dilakukan pengamatan tiap jam selama lima jam. Diperoleh hasil bahwa media in vitro yang baik untuk telur dan larva cacing adalah DMSO 1% dan PBS 1% sedangkan untuk cacing dewasa NaCl 0,9% dan PBS 1%. PBS merupakan media yang baik jika akan dilakukan uji ...

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Media Penyimpanan Telur, Larva dan Cacing Nematode sebagai Media Uji In Vitro

Ekawasti

Suhardono

et al. 2017

Teknologi Peternakan Dan Veteriner Mendukung Diversifikasi Sumber Protein Asal Ternak

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“…There are currently just over 30,000 registered in the UK (Whitehead, 2013), with estimates of close to 195,000 in North America and N90,000 in Australia (Anon, 2014;Jabbar, Campbell, Charles, & Gasser, 2013). They are kept predominantly for fibre production and as pets on smallholdings and hobby farms, with small numbers being slaughtered for human consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pathophysiology of penetrating captive bolt stunning in Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

Gibson

Whitehead²,

Taylor

et al. 2015

Meat Science

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The aim of this study was to examine the behavioural and cranial/spinal responses of alpacas culled by captive bolt shooting and the resulting pathophysiology of captive bolt injury. Ninety-six alpacas were shot (103 shots) in a range of locations with a penetrating captive bolt gun (CBG). Ten (9.8%) alpacas were incompletely concussed following the first shot. No animals required more than two shots. Incorrectly placed shots accounted for all of the animals that displayed signs of sensibility. Damage to the thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, medulla, cerebellum, parietal and occipital lobes were significantly associated with decreasing odds of incomplete concussion. In conclusion, the study confirmed that CBG stunning can induce insensibility in alpacas and suggests that the top of the head (crown) position maximises damage to structures of the thalamus and brainstem.

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“…9,12,15 Furthermore, North American camelids are commonly cograzed with small ruminants, increasing the likelihood of infection. 10,12,15,17 In camelids, H. contortus resides in the third gastric compartment (C3) and has become a major health issue for camelid farms in the southeastern United States. 9 H. contortus has been well studied in small ruminants, but primary literature on this infection in New World camelids remains sparse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathology of Haemonchus contortus in New World camelids in the southeastern United States

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Most small ruminant farms in tropical climates are plagued by Haemonchus contortus, a hematophagous, abomasal parasite. Heavy burdens of this parasite can cause anemia, hypoproteinemia, weight loss, and mortality in susceptible animals. Haemonchus contortus is becoming a major health concern in New World camelids as well, namely llamas (Llama glama) and alpacas (Vicugna pacos), yet little research has been conducted regarding its prevalence or pathology in these species. Herein, we present a retrospective review of llamas and alpacas that were admitted to The University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching Hospital and Athens Diagnostic Laboratory between the years 2002 and 2013. Antemortem fecal egg count (FEC) estimates performed on 30 alpacas were negatively correlated with hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count. Total protein was not significantly correlated with FEC. On postmortem examination, 55 of 198 camelids, including 2 from the aforementioned antemortem review, were infected with H. contortus, with llamas (42.6%) having a significantly higher infection rate than alpacas (22.2%). In 15.7% of the total cases, the parasite was the major cause of death. Common gross lesions included peritoneal, thoracic, and pericardial effusions, visceral pallor, subcutaneous edema, and serous atrophy of fat. Histologic lesions included centrilobular hepatic necrosis, hepatic atrophy, lymphoplasmacytic inflammation of the mucosa of the third gastric compartment (C3), extramedullary hematopoiesis in both the liver and spleen, and the presence of nematodes in C3. Our study emphasizes the importance of H. contortus diagnosis and herd monitoring in New World camelids, particularly llamas.

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First report of anthelmintic resistance in Haemonchus contortus in alpacas in Australia

Cited by 42 publications

References 27 publications

Media Penyimpanan Telur, Larva dan Cacing Nematode sebagai Media Uji In Vitro

Media Penyimpanan Telur, Larva dan Cacing Nematode sebagai Media Uji In Vitro

Pathophysiology of penetrating captive bolt stunning in Alpacas (Vicugna pacos)

Pathology of Haemonchus contortus in New World camelids in the southeastern United States

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