Pathology of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> in New World camelids in the southeastern United States

Edwards, Erin E.; Garner, Bridget C.; Williamson, Lisa H.; Storey, Bob E.; Sakamoto, Kaori

doi:10.1177/1040638716628587

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For this characteristic, notions of virulence are used. As we know, the extent of pathogenicity depends on the intensity of infestation (Eira et al, 2007;Edwards et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathomorphological changes in the large intestine of rabbits parasitised by Passalurus ambiguus (Nematoda, Oxyuridae)

Mykhailiutenko

Кручиненко

Klymenko

et al. 2019

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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Passaluriasis is a common infestation of lagomorphs, which clinically manifests in intense itching around the anus, various disorders of digestion and loss of weight. We performed a study of infested rabbits of the seryi veleten breed, which were kept in individual farms in Poltava Oblast (Ukraine). During the autopsy, in the cavity of the large intestine, there were found small, spindle-like helminths of white colour. Out of 10 rabbits, 846 nematodes were extracted (369 males and 477 females, identified as Passalurus ambiguus (Rudolphi, 1819) Dujardin, 1845. It was determined that the extensity of infestation in female rabbits reached 56.4%, male rabbits – 43.6%. The results of metric parameters of the nematodes are as follows: mean body length of males equaled 4.6 ± 0.4, females – 9.7 ± 1.21 mm, and maximum width – 257.4 ± 17.8 and 546.2 ± 37.1 µm respectively. A common feature of mature nematodes of this species is the presence of a rounded extension (bulbus) at the end of the esophagus. During chronic course of passaluriasis in rabbits, pathomorphological changes developed in the large intestine. The upper epithelium of the large intestine was damaged in some places, certain epithelian cells were found in the lumen of the intestine. The intestinal glands are widened, filled with slimy content of mostly dark blue-violet colour, especially in the upper sections of the glands. In the deep sections of the glands, slime was almost transparent. In deep sections of the glands the slime was almost transparent. In the epithelium cells of the glands, slimy granules were also of basophilic colour. The muscularis mucosae of the mucous membrane, especially between the intestinal glands was swollen, had practically no colour, the collagen fibers were stretched, thinned-out. Edemas were also recorded in the tela submucosa. In some preparations, the muscularis mucosae was notably infiltrated by lymphoid cells and histiocytes. On large extensions, we found some signs of hypersecretion of slime in goblet cells of the intestinal glands as accumulations of granules of slime in the cytoplasm, which had poorly developed colouration. On the side of the muscular and serous membranes, no pathological changes were found. The information presented here indicates the relevance of passaluriasis infestation as an etiological factor of occurrence of chronic catarrhal colitis with lymphohistiocytosis.

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“…For this characteristic, notions of virulence are used. As we know, the extent of pathogenicity depends on the intensity of infestation (Eira et al, 2007;Edwards et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathomorphological changes in the large intestine of rabbits parasitised by Passalurus ambiguus (Nematoda, Oxyuridae)

Mykhailiutenko

Кручиненко

Klymenko

et al. 2019

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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“…Haemonchus contortus is one of the most important gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. This parasitic nematode feeds on the blood from capillaries in the abomasum of sheep, goat, cattle, and other ruminants [1,2]. Infection with this parasite often results in anemia, diarrhea, weight loss, or even death in young animals, which causes large economic losses [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion-Regulating Molecule from Haemonchus contortus: Potential Antigen for Diagnosis of Early Infection in Goats

et al. 2019

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Haemonchus contortus, a blood-sucking nematode of ruminants, causes large economic losses worldwide. Diagnosis of infection mainly depends on the evaluation of clinical signs and fecal examination. However, this has limitations for the diagnosis of early or light infections, where serological diagnosis seems to be more accurate and reliable. In this study, the recombinant H. contortus adhesion-regulating molecule protein (rHCADRM) was expressed and purified, and its diagnostic potential was evaluated. Serum samples from goats experimentally infected with H. contortus (n = 5) were collected at 0 (before infection, negative control), 7, 14, 21, 35, 49, 63, 85, and 103 days post-infection (DPI). The reactions between rHcADRM and goat serum were tested using Western blot (WB) analysis. The results show that rHcADRM can be recognized in the serum as early as 14 DPI, and the antibody against rHcADRM in infected goat could be maintained for over 89 days. No reaction was found between rHcADRM and antibodies against Trichinella spiralis, Fasciola hepatica, or Toxoplasma gondii. An indirect enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was developed based on rHcADRM. The optimal coating antigen (279 ng of rHcADRM/well) and serum dilutions (1:50) were determined by checkerboard titration. A total of 64 serum samples, including 32 from H. contortus infection goats and 32 from helminth-free goats, were used to determine the positive (0.362) and negative (0.306) cut-off values for the ELISA. The results show this serological diagnosis method is highly sensitive (90.6%) and specific (93.75%). The coefficient of variation within run and between runs was less than 11%. To apply this indirect ELISA during field examination, 51 serum samples were randomly collected from goat farms and tested using this method. The result showed that 19.6% (10/51) of goats were infected with H. contortus, which was 100% consistent with the necropsy result, higher than that of fecal examination (15.7%, 8/51). These results indicate that rHcADRM could be a potential antigen for diagnosis of H. contortus infection in goats.

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“…The endoparasites associated with anaemia in SACs are E macusaniensis 18 19 or Haemonchus contortus ,11 20 with llamas showing a higher infection rate than alpacas 11. The llama in the present case report showed a moderate FEC of GIN in the initial faecal sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Anaemia in a llama (Lama glama): treatment, regeneration and differential diagnoses

2018

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Anaemia is a common finding in South American camelids presented to the veterinary clinic. This report describes the case of a llama presented with general weakness and pale conjunctives, displaying severe anaemia with a Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of 6 per cent and suffering from haemonchosis. The animal was presented in lateral recumbency before being treated with whole blood transfusion. After administering a total volume of 850-ml blood, the clinical condition improved remarkably. Regeneration of the haematological parameters required several weeks, PCV increased from 6 per cent on day 0 to 23 per cent on day 28.

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Pathology of Haemonchus contortus in New World camelids in the southeastern United States

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Pathomorphological changes in the large intestine of rabbits parasitised by Passalurus ambiguus (Nematoda, Oxyuridae)

Pathomorphological changes in the large intestine of rabbits parasitised by Passalurus ambiguus (Nematoda, Oxyuridae)

Adhesion-Regulating Molecule from Haemonchus contortus: Potential Antigen for Diagnosis of Early Infection in Goats

Anaemia in a llama (Lama glama): treatment, regeneration and differential diagnoses

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