First Report of<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>f. sp.<i>vasinfectum</i>Race 4 Causing Fusarium Wilt of Cotton in New Mexico, U.S.A.

Zhu, Yi; Lujan, Phillip; Wedegaertner, Tom; Nichols, Robert L.; Abdelraheem, A.; Zhang, J. F.; Sanogo, Soum

doi:10.1094/pdis-06-19-1170-pdn

Cited by 55 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov) causes cotton wilt and is present in all major cotton‐producing regions of the world [14, 15]. Studying the production of EVs from Fov will lead to a clearer view of host‐pathogen interactions in fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐exclusion chromatography allows the isolation of EVs from the filamentous fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov)

et al. 2021

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized compartments involved in cell communication and macromolecule transport that are well characterized in mammalian organisms. Fungal EVs transport virulence-related cargo and modulate the host immune response, but most work has been focused on human yeast pathogens. Additionally, the study of EVs from filamentous fungi has been hindered by the lack of protein markers and efficient isolation methods. In this study we performed the isolation and proteomic characterization of EVs from the filamentous cotton pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov). EVs were recovered from two different growth media, Czapek Dox and Saboraud's dextrose broth, and purified by size-exclusion chromatography. Our results show that the EV proteome changes depending on the growth medium but EV production remains constant. EVs contained proteins involved in polyketide synthesis, cell wall modifications, proteases and potential effectors. These results support a role in modulation of host-pathogen interactions for Fov EVs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size‐exclusion chromatography allows the isolation of EVs from the filamentous fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov)

et al. 2021

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“…first identified in the United States in the San Joaquin Valley of California in 2001 (Kim et al, 2005) and recently in Texas (Halpern et al, 2018) and New Mexico Zhu, Lujan, et al, 2020). Race 5 was described in Sudan in 1966 (Ibrahim, 1966), but it was later found to be indistinguishable from race 3 (Davis et al, 2006;Halpern et al, 2020;Nirenberg et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interactions between cotton genotypes and Fusarium wilt race 4 isolates from Texas and resistance evaluation in cotton

Abdelraheem

Wheeler²,

Dever³

et al. 2021

Crop Science

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Fusarium wilt, caused by the soil‐borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) race 4 (FOV4), is one of the most destructive diseases in cotton (Gossypium spp.) in the southwestern and western Cotton Belt. However, the virulence of FOV4 is currently unknown. In this study, 17 FOV isolates collected in the Fabens, TX, area were determined to be FOV4 based on FOV4‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis of three genes encoding for translation elongation factor, β‐tubulin, and phosphate permease. A further multiplex PCR analysis determined that they all belonged to the Tfo1/MULE MT genotype. Based on disease severity ratings (DSR) on two upland and two pima cotton lines in the greenhouse, virulence of the 17 FOV4 isolates differed but was overall congruent on the four lines, and differences among cotton genotypes accounted for 82% of the total variance. Variance in virulence due to FOV4 isolates and FOV4 isolate × cotton genotype interaction each accounted for only 8–11% of the total variance. A virulent MT FOV4 isolate was used to inoculate 104 entries representing 92 cultivars and elite lines in two tests at 21–23 °C. The combined ANOVA detected a significant genotypic variation in DSR with moderate broad‐sense heritability estimates (.62–.69). About 90–91% of the genotypes were susceptible to FOV4, including 100% mortality in 59–91% of the genotypes. Pima PHY 805 RF and three upland cultivars including FM 2334GLT, Acala 1517‐08, and Acala Daytona RF had similar resistance responses to the resistant check pima PHY 841 RF. This study demonstrated that cotton genotypes played a predominant role in determining FOV4 virulence, reinforcing the validity of using a representative isolate to screen cotton for FOV4 resistance.

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“…A highly virulent Fov race 4 (Fov4), originating in India, was identified in the California San Joaquin Valley in 2004 [6], west Texas in 2017 [7], and New Mexico in 2020 [8]. Fov4 was determined as the pathogen responsible for dead seedlings and black streaks inside tap roots of wilting Pima cotton plants [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptomyces and Bacillus species utilize volatile organic compounds to impact Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum race 4 (Fov4) virulence and suppress Fusarium wilt in Pima cotton

Murty

Shim

2021

Preprint

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Emergence of a highly virulent Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum race 4 (Fov4) with aggressiveness towards Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense) has raised significant concern for cotton producers while revealing challenges in soil-borne cotton disease management strategies which rely heavily on crop resistance and chemical controls. An alternative management approach uses antagonistic bacteria as biocontrol agents against Fov4. Initial studies showed a unique combination of bacteria Bacillus Rz141 and Streptomyces HC658 isolates displayed a mutualistic relationship capable of altering Fov4 growth. Notably, experimental design placed Fov4 between each isolate preventing direct physical contact of bacterial colonies. These observations led us to hypothesize that bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) impact the growth and virulence of Fov4. Ensuring physical separation, I-plate cultures showed Rz141 had a VOC inhibition of 24%. Similarly, physically separated cultures of Rz141 and HC658 showed slight increase in VOC inhibition, 26% with some loss of Fov4 pigmentation. Pathogenicity assays where Fov4-infected Pima cotton was exposed to VOCs from physically separated Rz141 and HC658 showed VOCs can suppress Fov4 infection and reduce tissue darkening. Our results provide evidence that rhizosphere bacteria can use VOCs as a communication tool impacting fungal physiology and virulence, and ultimately Fov4-cotton interactions without direct physical contact.

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First Report ofFusarium oxysporumf. sp.vasinfectumRace 4 Causing Fusarium Wilt of Cotton in New Mexico, U.S.A.

Cited by 55 publications

References 5 publications

Size‐exclusion chromatography allows the isolation of EVs from the filamentous fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov)

Size‐exclusion chromatography allows the isolation of EVs from the filamentous fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (Fov)

Interactions between cotton genotypes and Fusarium wilt race 4 isolates from Texas and resistance evaluation in cotton

Streptomyces and Bacillus species utilize volatile organic compounds to impact Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum race 4 (Fov4) virulence and suppress Fusarium wilt in Pima cotton

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