First report of Leptonectes (Ichthyosauria: Leptonectidae) from the Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Asturias, northern Spain

Fernández, Marta; Piñuela, Laura; García-Ramos, José Carlos

doi:10.26879/802

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Because it is not well distributed among neoichthyosaurians, this feature can be useful to segregate leptonectids from other taxa with smoothed and elongated tooth crowns, such as Hauffiopteryx and Stenopterygius (Figure 6). Indeed, even if Hauffiopteryx spp., Stenopterygius spp., and leptonectids all share a reduction of longitudinal ridges on tooth crown (Reisdorf et al, 2011;Maxwell, Fernández, et al, 2012;Fernández et al, 2018;Maxwell and Cortés, 2020), the presence of a such annuli has not been reported yet in Hauffiopteryx and Stenopterygius. A slightly labiolingually compressed root whose apicobasal ridges do not reach the acellular cementum ring, combined with the occurrence of one of more annuli close to the base of the crown can, therefore, at the current state of our knowledge, identify a tooth belonging to a leptonectid (Figure 6).…”

Section: Possible Surangular Vertebratamentioning

confidence: 90%

“…(Maxwell, 2018), Protoichthyosaurus (Lomax and Massare, 2018b;Lomax et al, 2019), and some species of Ichthyosaurus (Fraas, 1891;Maisch, 1997;Maisch et al, 2008). Another similarity with Stenopterygius, Hauffiopteryx, and leptonectids is the reduction of longitudinal striations along the crown (Maisch, 1998;Maxwell, 2012;Lomax, 2016;Fernández et al, 2018) (Figures 5, 6). Yet, sparse striations are present in MNHNL LM266 but do not reach the apical quarter of the crown (as in Leptonectes spp.…”

Section: Snoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Pliensbachian ichthyosaurian faunas generally resemble those from the Sinemurian, with the presence of Leptonectes (McGowan and Milner, 1999;Fernández et al, 2018;Lomax and Massare, 2018a), Ichthyosaurus (Lomax, 2010;Lomax and Massare, 2015;Massare and Lomax, 2016), and Temnodontosaurus (Huene, 1931a;Hungerbühler and Sachs, 1996;Maisch and Hungerbühler, 1997), but also Hauffiopteryx (Maisch and Reisdorf, 2006;Maxwell and Cortés, 2020). However, the vast majority of Pliensbachian ichthyosaurians come from England and Germany; one (Maisch and Reisdorf, 2006) is from Switzerland and another (Fernández et al, 2018) is from Spain. In this context, documenting new Pliensbachian occurrences of ichthyosaurians is important to better understand how marine predator faunas changed throughout the entire Early Jurassic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the quality of their fossil record strongly fluctuates with time and space (Benson et al, 2010;Benson and Butler, 2011;Butler et al, 2011), and possibly less so with phylogeny (Tutin and Butler, 2017). This fluctuation appears fractal, being also present within Early Jurassic ichthyosaurians: the early Toarcian shales have provided thousands of fossils in western Europe, with most specimens from Germany and England (Hauff, 1953;Godefroit, 1994;Benson et al, 2010), while the Pliensbachian and late Toarcian assemblages are extremely poorly sampled (Bardet et al, 2008;Fernández et al, 2018;Lomax and Massare, 2018a;Fischer et al, 2021). Pliensbachian ichthyosaurian faunas generally resemble those from the Sinemurian, with the presence of Leptonectes (McGowan and Milner, 1999;Fernández et al, 2018;Lomax and Massare, 2018a), Ichthyosaurus (Lomax, 2010;Lomax and Massare, 2015;Massare and Lomax, 2016), and Temnodontosaurus (Huene, 1931a;Hungerbühler and Sachs, 1996;Maisch and Hungerbühler, 1997), but also Hauffiopteryx (Maisch and Reisdorf, 2006;Maxwell and Cortés, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A fragmentary leptonectid ichthyosaurian from the lower Pliensbachian of Luxembourg

Fischer

Laboury

Bernacki

et al. 2022

Palaeontol Electron

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Despite abundant fossils, the quality of the fossil record of Early Jurassic marine reptiles strongly fluctuates with time and space. Pliensbachian strata have yielded very few marine reptile remains, especially outside of England, obscuring the evolution of marine reptiles during the middle part of the Early Jurassic. We report a new Pliensbachian locality from Luxembourg that contains abundant marine fauna and ichthyosaurian remains likely representing a single individual, composed of a partial snout, a possible surangular, two centra, and several ribs and gastralia. Ammonites and belemnites place this locality within the Valdani-Luridum Ammonite subzones of the Ibex Ammonite Zone, lower Pliensbachian. We assign the new ichthyosaur specimen to the clade Leptonectidae, using a combination of features from the snout and teeth. This specimen indicates that large neoichthyosaurians were present in multiple places of the European archipelago in all stages of the Early Jurassic and suggests that the ichthyosaurian faunae of western Europe remained essentially similar across the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian interval.

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Section: Possible Surangular Vertebratamentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Snoutmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A fragmentary leptonectid ichthyosaurian from the lower Pliensbachian of Luxembourg

Fischer

Laboury

Bernacki

et al. 2022

Palaeontol Electron

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“…During the Toarcian, Stenopterygius is the most abundant genus and seems to be the ecomorphological equivalent of the Pliensbachian genera Ichthyosaurus and Leptonectes. The youngest stratigraphically constrained occurrences of Ichthyosaurus are from the lower Pliensbachian strata of the UK (Lomax & Massare 2015;Massare & Lomax 2016); the youngest constrained records of Leptonectes are also from the lower Pliensbachian (L. moorei from the UK and more fragmentary remains attributable to Leptonectes from the UK, Belgium, Spain, and SW Germany: Fraas 1892 [see Maisch 2010]; Godefroit 1992;Fernández et al 2018, McGowan & Milner 1999Lomax & Massare 2018). The upper Pliensbachian specimen previously referred to Leptonectes (Maisch & Reisdorf 2006) has been reinterpreted as Hauffiopteryx, a genus best-documented from the Toarcian (Maxwell & Cortés 2020).…”

Section: Early Jurassic Evolution Of Ichthyosaurs In Relation To the ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stenopterygiids from the lower Toarcian of Beaujolais and a chemostratigraphic context for ichthyosaur preservation during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event

Martin

Suan

Suchéras-Marx

et al. 2021

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We report new ichthyosaur material excavated in lower Toarcian levels of the LafargeHolcim Val d'Azergues quarry in Beaujolais, SE France. A partially articulated skull and a smaller, unprepared but likely subcomplete skeleton preserved in a carbonate concretion are identified as stenopterygiids, a family of wide European distribution during the Early Jurassic. These specimens are among the finest preserved Toarcian exemplars known from Europe and in one of them, soft tissue preservation is suspected. Their state of preservation is attributed to the combination of prolonged anoxic conditions near the water-sediment interface and early carbonate cementation resulting from the activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria. We also present carbon and strontium isotope values obtained from the study site that allow detailed temporal comparisons with other Toarcian vertebrate-yielding sites and environmental perturbations associated with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE). These comparisons suggest that the relatively high abundance and good preservation state of Toarcian vertebrates was favoured by a prolonged period of low bottom water oxygenation and accumulation rates. The environmental conditions that prevailed during the T-OAE were probably responsible for the extensive nature of Lagerstätte-type deposits with exceptional preservation of marine organisms. Whether the T-OAE had a biological impact on marine vertebrates requires a precise chemostratigraphic context of the fossil record spanning the Pliensbachian-Toarcian interval.Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5315223

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Stratigraphy and Biochronostratigraphy of the Lower Pliensbachian (Jurassic) from the Asturian basin (Northern Spain)

et al. 2023

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A stratigraphic study of the carbonate deposits from the interval between the uppermost Sinemurian and the base of the Upper Pliensbachian is presented herein. For this purpose, four expanded sections of the Asturian Basin, in Northern Spain, were sampled. The sections are located between Rodiles E section (Villaviciosa municipality) and Playa de Vega section (Ribadesella municipality). The ammonites recorded in over 100 successive levels of this sector enabled the substantial improvement of the biochronostratigraphic scale of reference; making it comparable with those defined for other basins of the Iberian Peninsula and other areas of the western Tethys. The lower boundary of the Pliensbachian is indicated by the first appearance of Gemmellaroceras aff. aenigmaticum (Gemmellaro) below the first appearance of the genus Apoderoceras. The upper boundary is defined by the first record of the Protogrammoceras. (Matteiceras) subgenus which in some levels is associated with Amaltheus stokesi (Sowerby). The boundaries between the zones and subzones were able to be established accurately in most cases. The ammonite assemblages are similar to those established for the NW European Province. Some intervals, however, include species typical of the Mediterranean Province. Among these, the Taylori Subchronozone (Gemmellaroceras) and the transition between the Jamesoni Subchronozone and the Valdani Subchronozone (Tropidoceras) can be highlighted. Additionally, taking into consideration the succession between of ammonite genera and species, 27 horizons were identified, 24 of which correspond to the Lower Pliensbachian, and the other 3 to the uppermost Sinemurian and the lowermost part of the Upper Pliensbachian. Moreover, the identification of 3 of the Lower Pliensbachian horizons were based upon the evolution of the Mediterranean Tropidoceras.

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First report of Leptonectes (Ichthyosauria: Leptonectidae) from the Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) of Asturias, northern Spain

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

A fragmentary leptonectid ichthyosaurian from the lower Pliensbachian of Luxembourg

A fragmentary leptonectid ichthyosaurian from the lower Pliensbachian of Luxembourg

Stenopterygiids from the lower Toarcian of Beaujolais and a chemostratigraphic context for ichthyosaur preservation during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event

Stratigraphy and Biochronostratigraphy of the Lower Pliensbachian (Jurassic) from the Asturian basin (Northern Spain)

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