First Report of Tomato Brown Root Rot Complex Caused by <i>Colletotrichum coccodes</i> and <i>Pyrenochaeta lycopersici</i> in Ohio

Vrisman, Claudio; Testen, Anna L.; Elahi, F. E.; Miller, Sally A.

doi:10.1094/pdis-05-16-0623-pdn

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Pink root symptomatology may be similar to that caused by Pseudopyrenochaeta lycopersici, which was found in a wide number of hosts such as sorghum (Sorghum), maize (Zea mays), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) (Sprague, 1950), grass (Cynodon dactylon) (Conners, 1967), leek (Allium porrum) (Hall et al, 2007), cantaloupe (Cucumis melo), zucchini (Curcubita pepo), wheat (Triticum) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea) (USDA, 1960), as well as willow trees (Salix) (Pfleger and Vaughn, 1972). On the other hand, in tomato, it has been reported in Australia (Golzar, 2009), Africa (Testen et al, 2019), Germany (Valenzuela-López et al, 2018) and in the United States as a pathogen associated to the brown rot in tomato root (Vrisman et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico

López-López,

Tovar-Pedraza,

León-Félix

et al. 2024

RMF, MJP

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Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of Mexico’s main crops. In the years 2017 and 2018, symptoms of corky and pink roots were observed with an incidence of 10 to 20% in Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico. In the foliage, plants presented a generalized chlorosis, with stunted growth and senescence in the leaves. In the roots, brown and pink lesions were formed, as well as a corky texture. The objective of this study was to morphologically and molecularly characterize fungal isolates associated to corky and pink root in tomato orchards in Culiacan, Sinaloa, as well as to evaluate their pathogenicity. Monoconidial isolates were obtained and they were identified as Setophoma terrestris, based on their morphological characteristics. To confirm the identity, the area of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the rDNA was amplified and sequenced, along with a fragment of the gene 28S of the rRNA (LSU). Using the sequences obtained, a phylogenetic tree was created using the Bayesian Inference and it was found that the sequences were grouped with the ex–type sequences of Setophoma terrestris. The pathogenicity of the isolates was verified by inoculating mycelial discs into the root of 10 one-month-old tomato seedlings. The roots of the seedlings inoculated with PDA discs without mycelium served as a control. Thirty days after inoculation, corky and pink root symptoms appeared, whereas the roots of control plants remained healthy. According to the morphological characterization, the molecular identification and the pathogenicity tests, Setophoma terrestris was confirmed to be the causal agent of corky and pink root in agricultural tomato orchards in Culiacan, Sinaloa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico

López-López,

Tovar-Pedraza,

León-Félix

et al. 2024

RMF, MJP

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“…Also, in another study covering nine organic farms and 18 conventional farms in the Central Valley of California, corky root rot was the disease found on most plants in most sampling locations [ 48 ]. Recently, P. lycopersici was also found to form a disease complex with other pathogens such as Colletotrichum coccodes in Ohio, causing severe wilting of tomatoes both in fields and glasshouses [ 49 ].…”

Section: The Major Countries Producing Processing Tomatoes and Their ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tomato corky root rot is generally caused by the fungus P. lycopersici. The roots of infected plants show dark brown, banded lesions [ 49 ]. With the development of the symptoms, even larger roots become infected, with extensive swollen and cracked brown lesions, giving them the distinctive corky look appearance [ 102 ].…”

Section: Control Strategies Of the Major Soilborne Fungal/oomycete Di...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Soilborne Pathogens of Field Processing Tomatoes and Management Strategies

Taylor

Chen

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Globally, tomato is the second most cultivated vegetable crop next to potato, preferentially grown in temperate climates. Processing tomatoes are generally produced in field conditions, in which soilborne pathogens have serious impacts on tomato yield and quality by causing diseases of the tomato root system. Major processing tomato-producing countries have documented soilborne diseases caused by a variety of pathogens including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and oomycetes, which are of economic importance and may threaten food security. Recent field surveys in the Australian processing tomato industry showed that plant growth and yield were significantly affected by soilborne pathogens, especially Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium species. Globally, different management methods have been used to control diseases such as the use of resistant tomato cultivars, the application of fungicides, and biological control. Among these methods, biocontrol has received increasing attention due to its high efficiency, target-specificity, sustainability and public acceptance. The application of biocontrol is a mix of different strategies, such as applying antagonistic microorganisms to the field, and using the beneficial metabolites synthesized by these microorganisms. This review provides a broad review of the major soilborne fungal/oomycete pathogens of the field processing tomato industry affecting major global producers, the traditional and biological management practices for the control of the pathogens, and the various strategies of the biological control for tomato soilborne diseases. The advantages and disadvantages of the management strategies are discussed, and highlighted is the importance of biological control in managing the diseases in field processing tomatoes under the pressure of global climate change.

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“…Protected culture tomato production in Ohio is constrained by a soilborne disease complex consisting of corky root rot (Pyrenochaeta lycopersici), black dot root rot (Colletotrichum coccodes), Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae), and rootknot nematodes (Meloidogyne hapla and Meloidogyne incognita) (Vrisman et al, 2017;Testen and Miller, 2018;Testen et al, 2020). Based on a state-wide survey, members of this complex are prevalent in Ohio high tunnels with P. lycopersici present on 50% of farms, C. coccodes present on 97% of farms, V. dahliae present on 75% of farms and root-knot nematodes present on 56% of farms (Testen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Agricultural Byproducts and Cover Crops as Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation Carbon Sources for Managing a Soilborne Disease Complex in High Tunnel Tomatoes

Testen

Rotondo

Mills

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) is a viable option for disease management in tomato production and reduces damage due to a soilborne disease complex consisting of Pyrenochaeta lycopersici, Colletotrichum coccodes, Verticillium dahliae, and Meloidogyne spp. There are plentiful options for ASD carbon sources using byproducts of Midwestern United States agriculture or cover crops, yet these carbon sources have not been evaluated for use in Midwestern settings. Low (10.1 Mg/ha) and high (20.2 Mg/ha) rates of corn gluten meal, distillers dried grains, soybean meal, wheat bran, and dry sweet whey were evaluated as ASD carbon sources in growth chamber and greenhouse bioassays. Cover crops including buckwheat, cowpea, crimson clover, mustard, oilseed radish, sorghum-sudangrass, white clover, and winter rye were evaluated in similar bioassays with one amendment rate (20.2 Mg/ha). Reducing conditions developed in soils regardless of carbon source or rate. Use of high rates of corn gluten meal, distillers dried grains, soybean meal, and wheat bran led to the lowest levels of root rot severity compared to non-treated controls. The higher rate of any byproduct carbon source was always more effective than the lower rate in reducing root rot severity. Use of both rates of soybean meal or corn gluten meal and the high rate of distillers dried grains or dry sweet whey led to significant increases in dry root and shoot biomass compared to controls. For cover crops, ASD with crimson clover, sorghum-sudangrass, white clover, or winter rye amendments reduced root rot severity relative to the aerobic control, but not relative to the anaerobic control. Use of cover crops did not significantly impact plant biomass. A subset of three ASD carbon sources [distillers dried grains, soybean meal, and wheat middlings (midds), all 20.2 Mg/ha] were evaluated in five on-farm ASD trials in high tunnels. Soil temperatures were low during the application period, limiting treatment efficacy. Reducing conditions developed in all soils during ASD treatment, and a moderate but significant reduction in root rot severity was observed following ASD with the soybean meal or wheat midds compared to ASD with distillers dried grains. Tomato yield was not significantly affected by ASD treatment.

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First Report of Tomato Brown Root Rot Complex Caused by Colletotrichum coccodes and Pyrenochaeta lycopersici in Ohio

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico

Morphological characterization, phylogeny and pathogenesis of Setophoma terrestris causing corky and pink roots of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) in Sinaloa, Mexico

Major Soilborne Pathogens of Field Processing Tomatoes and Management Strategies

Evaluation of Agricultural Byproducts and Cover Crops as Anaerobic Soil Disinfestation Carbon Sources for Managing a Soilborne Disease Complex in High Tunnel Tomatoes

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