First report on cryopreservation of mature shoot tips of two avocado (Persea americana Mill.) rootstocks

O’Brien, Chris; Hiti-Bandaralage, Jayeni; Folgado, Raquel; Lahmeyer, Sean; Hayward, Alice; Folsom, Jim; Mitter, Neena

doi:10.1007/s11240-020-01861-y

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…There have been significant improvements within the cryopreservation platform to preserve Persea spp. germplasm [ 202 , 203 , 204 ]. Studies have shown that cryopreservation of somatic embryos offers usefulness in conserving Persea germplasm biodiversity [ 144 , 152 , 153 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of Woody Crops: The Avocado Case

O’Brien

Hiti-Bandaralage

Folgado

et al. 2021

Plants

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Recent development and implementation of crop cryopreservation protocols has increased the capacity to maintain recalcitrant seeded germplasm collections via cryopreserved in vitro material. To preserve the greatest possible plant genetic resources globally for future food security and breeding programs, it is essential to integrate in situ and ex situ conservation methods into a cohesive conservation plan. In vitro storage using tissue culture and cryopreservation techniques offers promising complementary tools that can be used to promote this approach. These techniques can be employed for crops difficult or impossible to maintain in seed banks for long-term conservation. This includes woody perennial plants, recalcitrant seed crops or crops with no seeds at all and vegetatively or clonally propagated crops where seeds are not true-to-type. Many of the world’s most important crops for food, nutrition and livelihoods, are vegetatively propagated or have recalcitrant seeds. This review will look at ex situ conservation, namely field repositories and in vitro storage for some of these economically important crops, focusing on conservation strategies for avocado. To date, cultivar-specific multiplication protocols have been established for maintaining multiple avocado cultivars in tissue culture. Cryopreservation of avocado somatic embryos and somatic embryogenesis have been successful. In addition, a shoot-tip cryopreservation protocol has been developed for cryo-storage and regeneration of true-to-type clonal avocado plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of Woody Crops: The Avocado Case

O’Brien

Hiti-Bandaralage

Folgado

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…There have been significant improvements within the cryopreservation platform to preserve Persea spp. germplasm [207][208][209]. Cryopreservation protocols can cause several stresses both osmotic and temperature related, i.e., exposure to low temperature, exposure to highly concentrated cryoprotectants and freezing injury [160].…”

Section: Avocado Shoot Tip Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The type of cryoprotectant and exposure time to the cryoprotectant was also vital in obtaining morphologically normal and vigorous plants [209]. Using the droplet vitrification technique combined with VSL produced positive results with two avocado cultivars belonging to different ecological races; cv 'Velvick' from West Indian race (no cold tolerance) and cv 'Reed' from Guatemalan race (moderate cold tolerance) [209]. Avocado shoots that survived LN grew into full plants ready for rooting after 24 weeks [209].…”

Section: Avocado Shoot Tip Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the droplet vitrification technique combined with VSL produced positive results with two avocado cultivars belonging to different ecological races; cv 'Velvick' from West Indian race (no cold tolerance) and cv 'Reed' from Guatemalan race (moderate cold tolerance) [209]. Avocado shoots that survived LN grew into full plants ready for rooting after 24 weeks [209]. Cultivar 'Reed' shoots were successfully rooted [127] and after 8 weeks, plantlets were ready to be acclimatized in a glasshouse (Fig.…”

Section: Avocado Shoot Tip Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cryopreservation for Tree Species with Recalcitrant Seeds: the Avocado Case

O’Brien¹,

Hiti-Bandaralage²,

Folgado³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Recent developments in the cryopreservation space has increased the trend in germplasm collections established through cryopreserved in vitro material. Cryopreservation of recalcitrant seeds through embryos and embryonic axes, is not uncommon. Tropical and sub-tropical plants are not acclimated to the cold season, therefore have no in-built natural resilience to the cold. Also, larger seeds from trees, such as avocado (Persea americana Mill.), mango (Mangifera indica) and durian (Durio zibethinus L.) are sensitive to desiccation, chilling and freezing stress, making them unsuitable for seed banking or cryopreservation. Alternatively, as seeds do not carry the same genetic make-up as the mother plant, especially in the context of woody rainforest species of which the cross-pollination is dominant; seed conservation does not serve the purpose of germplasm preservation. Other plant material and methods are needed for these plants to be successfully stored in liquid nitrogen (LN). One such method commonly used is shoot-tip cryopreservation which ensures the clonal fidelity of germplasm. There are many problems when using shoot tips of tropical recalcitrant-seeded species. These include: 1) the toxic effects of cryoprotective agents towards structural integrity; 2) optimum developmental stage for success and 3) oxidative stress associated with excision injury leading to necrosis triggering cell death and hindering regeneration for the shoot tips in culture. A pre-requisite for any cryopreservation system is the availability of an established tissue culture regeneration platform. This review will outline conservation strategies for avocado with special emphasis on attempts and improvements made in the cryopreservation space for storing this horticulturally important crop ‘avocado’ at ultra-low temperatures.

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“…In this issue, Wang et al (2021b) showed that cryopreserved shallot plants maintained their rooting capacity, vegetative growth, bulb production, genetic stability, and biochemical compounds, being true-to-type. Mathew et al (2021) reported that combining cryotherapy with chemotherapy or thermotherapy significantly improved the efficiency of eradication of raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) from the infected in vitro-cultured red raspberry (Rubus ideaus), as determined by TaqMan-based real-time One-Step RT-PCR assay.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%