First time additively manufactured advanced ceramics by using two-photon polymerization for powder processing

Sänger, Johanna C.; Pauw, Brian R.; Sturm, Heinz; Günster, Jens

doi:10.1016/j.oceram.2020.100040

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Sänger et al. [ 196 ] was able to dissolve a 50 wt% mixture of zirconia and alumina oxides (80:20 ratio) into a biocompatible resin made of acrylamide and N,N’ ‐methylene bisacrylamide for 2PP. After printing, the parts were submitted to thermal debinding (between 325–375 °C) and sintering at 1450 °C for 100 min.…”

Section: Fillers In Bioresinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some parts demonstrated distortions and structural failures on the z‐direction due to shrinkage rates up to 50% (caused by the post‐processing), which were solved by printing the scaffolds on top of a sacrificial support structure. [ 196 ] He R. et al. [ 139 ] combined 60 wt% of zirconia with PEG, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PPITA), U600 (di‐functional aliphatic urethane acrylate and 1‐octanol.…”

Section: Fillers In Bioresinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fillers In Bioresinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomaterials for 3D Printing of Polymers via Stereolithography: Concept, Technologies, and Applications

Rosa

Rosace

2021

Macro Materials & Eng

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Stereolithography (SLA) is an additive manufacturing method with one of the highest accuracies (down to 100 nm) of all solid freeform techniques and has been used in various areas, such as medicine, automotive, aerospace, electronics, and others. However, most resins available nowadays are derived from petroleum. Its toxicity, low biocompatibility, and growing environmental concerns are limiting its application. This review discusses the development of biobased and biocompatible materials for different SLA processes as well as the usage of nanocomposites to increase their applicability. A comprehensive overview of the SLA technologies, photopolymerization chemistry, and resin properties are also provided. Finally, various examples using different types of materials are explored, to show the current and future capabilities of the SLA technique.

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Section: Fillers In Bioresinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fillers In Bioresinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanomaterials for 3D Printing of Polymers via Stereolithography: Concept, Technologies, and Applications

Rosa

Rosace

2021

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…Two years later, the first fully additively manufactured ceramic piece fabricated with a SLA apparatus and sintered was published also by Griffith and Halloran [32]. Until now, silica and acrylamide/MBAM is the most studied water-based slurry [30]. The refractive index (RI) of the solution is about 1.35-1.50 at 589 nm, which fits to silica ceramic particles with a RI of approximately 1.5.…”

Section: Manufacturing Of Ceramic Parts Using Heterogeneous Slurries and Conventional Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the solid load and the ceramic particle size distribution, opaque ceramic slurries typically used in CSL and DLP processes must be adjusted for TPA processing. In addition, the viscosity of the system resulting from different additives might significantly alter the polymerization kinetics [29,30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Development for Additive Manufacturing of Alumina Toughened Zirconia for 3D Structures by Means of Two-Photon Absorption Technique

et al. 2021

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Additive manufacturing is well established for plastics and metals, and it gets more and more implemented in a variety of industrial processes. Beside these well-established material platforms, additive manufacturing processes are highly interesting for ceramics, especially regarding resource conservation and for the production of complex three-dimensional shapes and structures with specific feature sizes in the µm and mm range with high accuracy. The usage of ceramics in 3D printing is, however, just at the beginning of a technical implementation in a continuously and fast rising field of research and development. The flexible fabrication of highly complex and precise 3D structures by means of light-induced photopolymerization that are difficult to realize using traditional ceramic fabrication methods such as casting and machining is of high importance. Generally, slurry-based ceramic 3D printing technologies involve liquid or semi-liquid polymeric systems dispersed with ceramic particles as feedstock (inks or pastes), depending on the solid loading and viscosity of the system. This paper includes all types of photo-curable polymer-ceramic-mixtures (feedstock), while demonstrating our own work on 3D printed alumina toughened zirconia based ceramic slurries with light induced polymerization on the basis of two-photon absorption (TPA) for the first time. As a proven exemplary on cuboids with varying edge length and double pyramids in the µm-range we state that real 3D micro-stereolithographic fabrication of ceramic products will be generally possible in the near future by means of TPA. This technology enables the fabrication of 3D structures with high accuracy in comparison to ceramic technologies that apply single-photon excitation. In sum, our work is intended to contribute to the fundamental development of this technology for the representation of oxide-ceramic components (proof-of-principle) and helps to exploit the high potential of additive processes in the field of bio-ceramics in the medium to long-term future.

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Recent Advances on High‐Speed and Holographic Two‐Photon Direct Laser Writing

Balena

Bianco

Pisanello

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Two‐Photon Lithography, thanks to its very high sub‐diffraction resolution, has become the lithographic technique par excellence in applications requiring small feature sizes and complex 3D pattering. Despite this, the fabrication times required for extended structures remain much longer than those of other competing techniques (UV mask lithography, nanoimprinting, etc.). Its low throughput prevents its wide adoption in industrial applications. To increase it, over the years different solutions have been proposed, although their usage is difficult to generalize and may be limited depending on the specific application. A promising strategy to further increase the throughput of Two‐Photon Lithography, opening a concrete window for its adoption in industry, lies in its combination with holography approaches: in this way it is possible to generate dozens of foci from a single laser beam, thus parallelizing the fabrication of periodic structures, or to engineer the intensity distribution on the writing plane in a complex way, obtaining 3D microstructures with a single exposure. Here, the fundamental concepts behind high‐speed Two‐Photon Lithography and its combination with holography are discussed, and the literary production of recent years that exploits such techniques is reviewed, and contextualized according to the topic covered.

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First time additively manufactured advanced ceramics by using two-photon polymerization for powder processing

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Nanomaterials for 3D Printing of Polymers via Stereolithography: Concept, Technologies, and Applications

Nanomaterials for 3D Printing of Polymers via Stereolithography: Concept, Technologies, and Applications

Process Development for Additive Manufacturing of Alumina Toughened Zirconia for 3D Structures by Means of Two-Photon Absorption Technique

Recent Advances on High‐Speed and Holographic Two‐Photon Direct Laser Writing

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