Fish and Daphnia toxicity as surrogates for aquatic vascular plants and algae

Kenaga, Eugene E.; Moolenaar, R. J.

doi:10.1021/es60160a001

Cited by 55 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Toxicologists generally believed that the sensitivities of the aquatic plants to pollutants were lower than animals (Kenaga and Moolenaar, 1979;Silva et al, 2013). With that assumption, in the hazard assessment of environmental pollutants in aquatic ecosystems, the hazardous effects on aquatic plants have not attracted enough attention, and the toxicity tests for plants have been conducted less frequently than for animals (USEPA, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of high phytotoxicity priority pollutants and their ecological risk assessment in China’s surface waters

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of high phytotoxicity priority pollutants and their ecological risk assessment in China’s surface waters

et al. 2015

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“…In ecotoxicity testing, higher plants are used relatively rarely. Previous reports have indicated that common duckweed and other aquatic macrophytes are less sensitive to chemicals than are faunal species [4,16]. It was concluded that fish and daphnids could be used as surrogates for plant species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening and biomonitoring of industrial effluents using phytotoxicity tests

Wang

Williams

1988

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The use of phytotoxicity (higher plant) tests as a part of ecotoxicology is relatively underdeveloped. The objective of this study was to evaluate phytotoxicity tests for screening and biomonitoring complex effluent samples. Mortality tests using common duckweed and seed germination tests were conducted using eight effluent samples collected from three industrial sources. Duckweed plants were found to be extremely sensitive to two effluents, with nearly 100% mortality occurring. Duckweed plants in some samples showed lesions (breakup of colony structure) and loss of green pigments (chlorosis); others showed localized dead tissues (necrosis). Six kinds of seeds were tested: cabbage, cucumber, millet, Japanese millet, rice and wheat. Cabbage and millet seeds were the most sensitive. The germination of these seeds was 100% inhibited in some samples. The results suggest that phytotoxicity tests with higher plants have potential for use in the biomonitoring of industrial effluents because of their simplicity, sensitivity and cost‐effectiveness.

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“…Similarly, acute toxicity data have been derived from standard aquatic test species (e.g., rainbow trout) serving as surrogates for assessing aquatic ecotoxicity (Kenaga and Moolenaar, 1979). Because the ecotoxicity database is considerably smaller than the corresponding mammalian toxicity database (Hodson, 1985;Enslein et al, 1989), however, it would be advantageous to use available mammalian acute toxicity data to quantitatively predict aquatic toxicity in ecological risk assessments (Janardan et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%