Fish Oil–Induced Changes in Apolipoproteins in IDDM Subjects

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Max EPA (a commercially available fish oil preparation) on serum cholesterol lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) men with dosages that were likely to be acceptable to patients. Twenty-two male IDDM patients aged 20-41 yr, 6 of whom had retinopathy, were recruited from the Royal Perth Hospital diabetic clinic. After screening, subjects were divided into three groups. Six of the subjects without retinopathy were randomly selected and allocated to a control group. The remaining 16 patients (10 without and 6 with retinopathy) received a fish oil supplement. All subjects were advised to maintain their usual dietary patterns. Sixteen patients, including the 6 with retinopathy, were instructed to take 15 Max EPA fish oil capsules/day with meals. Patients in the control group did not take Max EPA. Three weeks of Max EPA supplementation without other dietary modification led to a significant rise in total cholesterol (P less than 0.01), which could be accounted for by increases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. The increase in HDL cholesterol was explained by a 33% rise (P less than 0.001) in its HDL2 subclass. Changes in apolipoproteins were examined and showed that the level of apolipoprotein A-I increased after ingestion of fish oil and correlated significantly (P less than 0.05) with the rise in HDL cholesterol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation versus placebo on vascular health, glycaemic control, and metabolic parameters in people with type 1 diabetes: a randomised controlled preliminary trial

“…Specifically, our findings question the efficacy of n-3PUFA supplementation for the treatment and management of T1D and its associated complications. Our data support previous studies conducted in T2D patients [28][29][30][31][32] and provide new insight within the context of T1D [13][14][15][16][17][18]. This is the first study to comprehensively assess the impact of n-3PUFA supplementation on vascular health in subjects with T1D.…”

“…Dietary recommendations for people with and without diabetes currently advocate increased consumption of foods rich in n-3PUFA but do not recommend n-3PUFA supplementation [12]. However, the evidence underpinning these recommendations for people with diabetes is limited exclusively to people with T2D as very few RCTs have examined the impact of n-3PUFA supplementation on vascular or metabolic outcomes in T1D [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Further, most RCTs in T1D are confounded by short duration supplementation, low n-3PUFA dose, and failure to control for pretreatment fatty acid profile status.…”

Effects of Low-Dose EPA-E on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, Lipoprotein(a), Platelet Aggregation, Viscosity, and Platelet and Vessel Wall Interaction in NIDDM

“…In the 1800-mg group LDL cholesterol increased during EPA-E supplementation, as found by others (21,49). Concentrations of apoB were unaffected.…”

Recommendations for the nutritional management of patients with diabetes mellitus

“…Fish oils and n-3 fatty acids Fish oils or n-3 fatty acids have been found able to reduce plasma triglycerides and VLDL concentrations in the diabetic population (Mori et al, 1990;Rillaerts et al, 1989;Popp-Snijders et al, 1987). One study also observed improved blood rheology when 2.7 g of sardine oil was consumed daily (Kamada et al, 1986).…”