Fishborne Zoonotic Intestinal Trematodes, Vietnam

Dung, Do Trung; De, Nguyen Van; Waikagul, Jitra; Dalsgaard, Anders; Chai, Jong-Yil; Sohn, Woon-Mok; Murrell, K. D.

doi:10.3201/eid1312.070554

Cited by 135 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Purgation of a subsample of individuals allowed identification of parasites at species level, with MIFs and H. taichui found at the highest frequency. Our data underscore that multiparasitism is very common in Lao PDR and these findings support observations from neighbouring countries such as Vietnam [25][26][27] and from other parts of the developing world. 21,22,[28][29][30] Hence, our results and those from other groups who worked in Lao PDR 7,8 call for concerted action to remedy the issue of multiparasitism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Diversity of human intestinal helminthiasis in Lao PDR

Sayasone

Vonghajack

Vanmany

et al. 2009

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

110

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Summary Food-borne trematodiasis is an emerging public health problem, including in Lao PDR. We investigated the diversity of intestinal helminthes and polyparasitism in patients with hepatobiliary or intestinal symptoms in hospital and community-based surveys. Stool samples from 232 individuals aged ≥15 years were examined by the Kato-Katz method (three samples) and a formalin ethyl-acetate concentration technique (one sample). Opisthorchis viverrini and minute intestinal flukes (MIF) were common, with prevalences of 86.2% and 62.9%, respectively. Hookworm was the predominant soil-transmitted helminth (65.9%). The prevalences of Taenia spp., Strongyloides stercoralis and Trichuris trichiura were 22.8%, 10.3% and 8.6%, respectively. Additionally, 97 individuals were purged; O. viverrini and Haplorchis taichui were found in 95 and 76 participants, respectively. Other trematodes included Phaneropsolus bonnei (22.7%), Prosthodendrium molenkampi (14.4%), Haplorchis pumilio (5.2%), Haplorchis yokogawai (3.1%) and Echinochasmus japonicus (3.1%). Co-infection with O. viverrini and MIFs was rampant (81.4%). Polytrematode infection is highly prevalent in Lao PDR and hence requires urgent attention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Diversity of human intestinal helminthiasis in Lao PDR

Sayasone

Vonghajack

Vanmany

et al. 2009

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygi

110

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“…Each of these species has been linked to health problems in humans (1,16). Intestinal trematodes in Thailand and Korea are also often reported (17,18), and recently, mixed FZT infections in humans in Vietnam and Laos were reported (3,19). Although the liver fl uke Clonorchis sinensis was recently reported to have been found in humans in northern Vietnam (3), it was not detected in humans or fi sh in this fi sh farming area (5,6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…n Asia, fi sh-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT), including liver and intestinal fl ukes, are widely reported (1)(2)(3). FZT not only pose risks to food safety and human health but also may cause substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry, resulting from to restrictions on exports and reduced consumer demand because of food safety concerns (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Reservoir Hosts and Fish-borne Zoonotic Trematode Infections on Fish Farms, Vietnam

Anh¹,

Phuong²,

Murrell³

et al. 2009

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT) pose a risk to human food safety and health and may cause substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry. In Nghe An Province, Vietnam, low prevalence of FZT for fi sh farmers but high prevalence for fi sh indicate that reservoir hosts other than humans may play a role in sustaining transmission. To determine whether domestic animals may be reservoir hosts, we assessed prevalence and species composition of FZT infections in dogs, cats, and pigs in a fi sh-farming community in Vietnam. Feces from 35 cats, 80 dogs, and 114 pigs contained small trematode eggs at 48.6%, 35.0%, and 14.4%, respectively; 7 species of adult FZT were recovered from these hosts. These results, combined with data from previous investigations in this community, imply that domestic animals serve as reservoir hosts for FZT and therefore must be included in any control programs to prevent FZT infection in humans. In Asia, fi sh-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT), including liver and intestinal fl ukes, are widely reported (1-3). FZT not only pose risks to food safety and human health but also may cause substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry, resulting from to restrictions on exports and reduced consumer demand because of food safety concerns (4). A range of mammals and birds serve as defi nitive hosts for FZT (2). Although information on infection levels and species distribution in humans and fi sh is becoming increasingly available, similar information for reservoir hosts such as wild and domestic animals and fi sh-eating birds is scarce (1).Recent studies conducted in Nghe An Province, a major area for freshwater aquaculture in Vietnam, found prevalence of FZT in humans to be low (0.6%) and prevalence in fi sh from farms to be high (>35%) (5,6). These fi ndings suggest that reservoir hosts other than humans play a major role in sustaining transmission of FZT in this community. We therefore investigated the role of the domestic animals on these fi sh farms. We determined prevalence and species composition of FZT infections in dogs, cats, and pigs in the community and analyzed potential risk factors for the transmission of FZT to animals and animals' role in sustaining FZT infections in cultured fi sh. Materials and Methods Study Design, Sampling, and Laboratory AnalysisThe study was conducted in November 2005 in Nghe An Province, northern Vietnam (Figure 1), in fi sh-farming households previously investigated for human and fi sh FZT infections (5,6). From a total of 1,281 households, 50 were randomly selected in proportion to farm numbers in 5 districts: Hung Nguyen (n = 8), Nam Dan (n = 15), Yen Thanh (n = 9), Thanh Chuong (n = 10), and Tan Ky (n = 8). Another fi sh farm previously found to have cases of FZT in humans (5) was included, yielding a total of 51 fi sh-farming households in the study.

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“…In hospitals or health centres in communities, the doctors or technicians are using Kato-Katz smear method to diagnose the liver flukes Dung et al 2007). But eggs from liver flukes are very similar to eggs of intestinal flukes and this can cause inaccurate estimates of prevalence of both trematode groups .…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But eggs from liver flukes are very similar to eggs of intestinal flukes and this can cause inaccurate estimates of prevalence of both trematode groups . Thus some of the areas reported to have very high prevalences in Vietnam (De 2004b) could be partly due to misdiagnosis, although Clonorchis sinensis also is present (Dung et al 2007). Hence new methods for accurate diagnosis and easily applicable in the field should be developed.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global status of fish-borne zoonotic trematodiasis in humans

Hùng

Madsen

Fried

2013

Acta Parasitologica

111

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Fishborne zoonotic trematodes (FZT), infecting humans and mammals worldwide, are reviewed and options for control discussed. Fifty nine species belonging to 4 families, i.e. Opisthorchiidae (12 species), Echinostomatidae (10 species), Heterophyidae (36 species) and Nanophyetidae (1 species) are listed. Some trematodes, which are highly pathogenic for humans such as Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, O. felineus are discussed in detail, i.e. infection status in humans in endemic areas, clinical aspects, symptoms and pathology of disease caused by these flukes. Other liver fluke species of the Opisthorchiidae are briefly mentioned with information about their infection rate and geographical distribution. Intestinal flukes are reviewed at the family level. We also present information on the first and second intermediate hosts as well as on reservoir hosts and on habits of human eating raw or undercooked fish.

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Fishborne Zoonotic Intestinal Trematodes, Vietnam

Abstract: These parasites are an unrecognized food safety risk in a population with a tradition of eating raw fish.

Cited by 135 publications

References 10 publications

Diversity of human intestinal helminthiasis in Lao PDR

Diversity of human intestinal helminthiasis in Lao PDR

Animal Reservoir Hosts and Fish-borne Zoonotic Trematode Infections on Fish Farms, Vietnam

Global status of fish-borne zoonotic trematodiasis in humans

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