Plant parasitic nematodes associated with bananas plantings in the south region of Bahia. Brazil is a major producer of fruits, and the State of Bahia is second largest bananas producer of bananas. However the cultivation of bananas (Musa spp.) has been showing yield losses due to inappropriate management practices and phytosanitary problems. Plant parasite nematodes are among the pathogens which can cause ham to this crop. As such, the objective of this work was to survey the plant-parasitic nematodes associated on crops of banana in 12 municipalities from the south region of Bahia in the period of December 2011 to November 2012. The nematodes found were Helicotylenchus multicinctus, H. dihystera, Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, Meloidogyne sp., Paratylenchus sp, Pratylenchus coffeae, Radopholus similis and Rotylenchulus reniformis. The highest population levels were H. multicinctus, R. similis and Meloidogyne spp. With 117.144,00, 18.648,00 e 16.498,00, respectively. Lack of knowledge of farmers about the nematoses, not adopting management practices and lack of technical assistance may explain the wide spread and high population levels of nematodes found.