Five Parameters You Must Understand to Master Control of Your Laser/Light-Based Devices

Farkas, Jordan P.; Hoopman, John; Kenkel, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1177/1090820x13501174

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…For instance, a comparison between the IR and GR irradation effect is conspicuous by analysing Figure 3a,b and Figure 4a,b, where the IR irridation, even with less fluence (169.77 J/cm 2 ), ablated SWCNTs completely on the line of action as compared to GR (848.85 J/cm 2 ), respectively. One of the possible reasons that GR has less destruction of SWCNTs than IR could be the lesser penetration depth of GR as compared to IR in the nanostructured materials [39,40]. Furthermore, optical properties for 15 mm and 10X Zeiss lenses, as well as different fluence values, affect the size of the irradiated zone and welding patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Femtosecond Laser Pulses

et al. 2019

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There are continued efforts to process and join single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in order to exploit their exceptional functional properties for real-world applications. In this work, we report experimental observations of femtosecond laser irradiation on SWCNTs, in order to process and join them through an efficient and cost-effective technique. The nanotubes were deagglomerated in ethanol by an ultrasonicator and thin slurries of SWCNTs were spread evenly on glass substrates. A laser micromachining workstation for laboratory FemtoLAB (workshop of photonics) has been employed to irradiate the different SWCNTs film samples. The effect of laser parameters, such as pulse wavelength, laser power, etc., were systematically tuned to see the possibility of joining the SWCNTs ropes. Several experiments have been performed to optimize the parameters on different samples of SWCNTs. In general, the nanotubes were mostly damaged by the infrared (1st harmonics femtosecond laser) irradiation on the focal plane. However, the less damaging effect was observed for second harmonics (green wavelength) irradiation. The results suggest some joining of nanotubes along the sides of the focus plane, as well as on the center at the brink of nanotubes. The joining is considered to be established within the region of the high field intensity of the exposed femtosecond laser beam.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Femtosecond Laser Pulses

et al. 2019

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“…A programmable automatic RLC analyser, model 4194A, adjustable frequency ranging from 40 Hz to 30 MHz and oscillation level of 500V was used to measure the capacitance, C p and dissipation factor D f with a delayed time of 0.05 sec. The impedance, Z and conductance were calculated to determine the blood samples dielectric response using a designed blood cuvette as sample holder with two opposite pure copper electrodes connected to the impedance analyser [6,7,8,9,10,19].…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will aid to check the excessive temperature upsurge build-up in the blood. The optical and blood thermal properties resulted from characteristics of the laser device determined the distribution of temperature and the level of the induced changes in the blood or tissues [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. The specific absorption rate (SAR) quantified the amount of energy absorbed by the blood or tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The specific absorption rate (SAR) quantified the amount of energy absorbed by the blood or tissue. It is expressed in Watts per kilogram of the blood weight [5,6,9,10]. The emitted laser radiations during medical practices are absorbed by the blood penetrating through the exposed cells and plasma, thereby producing heat around and within the exposed blood or tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biostimulation Effects and Temperature Variation in Stimulated Dielectric Substance (Diabetic Blood Comparable to Non-Diabetic Blood) Based on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in Laser Therapy

Gemanam

Suardi

Ikyo

et al. 2021

J. Nig. Soc. Phys. Sci.

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Human blood exposed to irradiation absorbs electromagnetic energy which consequently effect temperature variation. The evaluation of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of human blood helps to ascertain the values for optimum laser power, time, and temperature variation for fair therapy to avoid blood-irradiation pollution but to enhance its rheological properties when using lasers. Prior knowledge of blood SAR evaluating its dielectric properties is significant, but this is under investigation. We investigate the appropriate SAR threshold value as affected by temperature variation using fundamental blood dielectric parameters to optimize the effect of low-level laser therapy based on physiological and morphological changes of the stimulated diabetic blood. Studies were carried out with Agilent 4294A impedance analyser at frequencies (40Hz – 30 MHz) and designed cells (cuvettes) comprises of electrodes were used in the pre- and post-irradiations measurements. At different laser power outputs, blood samples were subjected to various irradiation durations using portable laser diode-pumped solid state of wavelength 532 nm. Results showed laser at low energy is capable of moderating morphologically the proportion of abnormal diabetic red blood cells. Hence, there is a significant effect using a laser at low energy, as non-medicinal therapy in controlling diabetic health conditions. The positive biostimulation effects on the irradiated diabetic blood occurred within absorbance threshold SAR values range of 0.140?0.695 W/kg and average temperatures range of 24.2?28.0 0C before blood saturation absorbance peak. There is morphological stimulation at a laser power of 50 mW for an exposure time of 10–15 minutes and 60 mW for 5–10 minutes of laser therapy that demonstrates better blood rejuvenated conditions. This occurred within the threshold SAR of 0.140?0.695 W/kg and average temperatures range of 24.2?28.0 0C. Therefore, the diabetic blood irradiated using laser output powers of 70 and 80 mW during exposure durations of 5,10, 15 and 20 minutes rather bio-inhibits positive blood stimulation which has resulted to crenation due to excessive irradiation.

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“…Ablative CO 2 lasers can target tissue up to 2 mm in depth, deeper than is necessary for periorbital cosmetic skin resurfacing. With fractional CO 2 lasers, the treatment depth can be controlled by adjusting treatment power and spot size [16] . This is useful for safely treating large hypertrophic scars, periorbital rhytids, and laxity.…”

Section: Assessment Of Periocular Scarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Resurfacing for the Management of Periorbital Scarring

Pirakitikulr¹,

Martin²,

Wester³

2020

Plast Aesthet Res

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Laser (light amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation) skin resurfacing is currently one of the most widely adopted technologies in facial rejuvenation. While most often used for aesthetic purposes, lasers also have applications in the management of scars. Since the introduction of the CO 2 laser for skin rejuvenation in the 1990s, the last three decades have seen significant growth in the number of laser devices available to the physician. More recently, promising alternatives to light-based resurfacing technologies have emerged that include radiofrequency and intense focused ultrasound. To help the physician navigate the most current laser technologies as they apply to periocular scars, this review discusses the available treatment modalities, pre-treatment assessment of periorbital scars, treatment selection, and reported outcomes and complications. The recommendations described herein are based on published literature and the authors' experience in an academic oculoplastics practice.

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Five Parameters You Must Understand to Master Control of Your Laser/Light-Based Devices

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Femtosecond Laser Pulses

Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Femtosecond Laser Pulses

Biostimulation Effects and Temperature Variation in Stimulated Dielectric Substance (Diabetic Blood Comparable to Non-Diabetic Blood) Based on the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in Laser Therapy

Laser Resurfacing for the Management of Periorbital Scarring

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